Ngo-2025 i-Computer Science Teachers Association, isebenzisana ne-Kapor Foundation, yashicilela ucwaningo lwayo lwe-CS Teacher Landscape lothisha abangu-2,882 abasemabangeni e-PK-12. Isibalo esicashunwa kakhulu siyaphatha kabi: u-81% walabo thisha wangena ekilasini le-CS ungenalo ulwazi lwakhe lwamakhompiyutha. Kufundeka njengenhlekelele. Kuseduze kakhulu nenkinga yokuklama, kanti izinkinga zokuklama zilungiswa ngokuqeqeshwa okufanele, uhlelo lokufunda nokwesekwa.

Okutholwe ucwaningo ngempela

Okutholakele okuthathu kwenza umsebenzi omningi. Okokuqala, u-81% wothisha be-CS abacwaningwe wafika kulesi sifundo ungenalo ulwazi lwe-CS noma lobuchwepheshe. Kwakungothisha bezibalo, bezesayensi, bezobuciko noma bezilimi abacelwa, noma abazinikela, ukuthatha ikhodi. Okwesibili, u-50% ungothisha we-CS oyedwa kuphela esikoleni sakhe. Akekho ozakwabo ophaseji ongabuzwa uma isifundo simile. Okwesithathu, kubuhlakani bokwenziwa igebe likhulu: u-81% ukholelwa ukuthi i-AI kufanele ibe yisisekelo semfundo ye-CS, kodwa ngu-42% kuphela ozizwa ehlomile ukuyifundisa.

Uma kufundwa kanyekanye, lokhu akukona ukushoda kothisha abazimisele. Kungukushoda kokwesekwa okubazungezile. Umbiko ophelele ukhona ekhasini le-CSTA elichaza isimo somkhakha.

Kungani lokhu kubalulekile ezikoleni zaseNingizimu Afrika

INingizimu Afrika iphila indaba efanayo ngesikhathi esifushaniswe. Uhlelo lokufunda lwe-Coding ne-Robotics luyangeniswa ku-CAPS, kanti othisha abacelwa ukulufundisa, iningi labo, akubona ososayensi bamakhompiyutha. Ngothisha bekilasi le-Grade 5, noma uthisha we-Life Skills onekhono ngamakhompiyutha. Izibalo ze-CSTA zibachaza kahle.

Okutholakele mayelana nokuba wedwa yikho okubaluleke kakhulu lapha. Uthisha oyedwa we-CS esakhiweni, imvamisa osifundisa ngokwengxenye, uthwala konke: ikhithi, uhlelo lokufunda, ukumaka nemibuzo yabazali. Yengeza ukucinywa kukagesi, i-bandwidth engalingani nezabelomali ezincane, bese umsebenzi usinda nakakhulu. Akukho kulokhu okusho ukuthi uthisha akafundelanga ngokwanele. Kusho ukuthi isikole asizakhanga ngokwanele izinsika ezizungeze isifundo esisha.

Okumele kwenziwe ngakho

Ucwaningo lukhomba izixazululo ezisemandleni esikole. Awudingi ukuqasha usosayensi wamakhompiyutha. Udinga ukunciphisa ukusala wedwa bese unika uthisha umgogodla angafundisa ngawo.

• Nika uthisha uhlelo lokufunda oluhlelwe ngokulandelana, hhayi inqwaba yemisebenzi. Indlela yesonto nesonto isusa isinqumo sansuku zonke sokuthi ngifundisani okulandelayo. Uhlelo lokufunda oluhlelekile lwenza okuningi kongesiye uchwepheshe kunanoma yisiphi isifundo esisodwa esihlakaniphile.
• Vumela othisha bazilolonge ngaphambi kokuba beme phambi kwekilasi. Ingxenye enkulu yovalo ivela ekwenzeni into entsha phambi kwezingane ezingamashumi amathathu. Isimulatha yesiphequluli ivumela uthisha ukuthi azilolonge isifundo esiphelele engenakhithi futhi engenagesi; ungazama esinye kusiphequluli ngesikhathi sakho sokuphumula.
• Qeda ukusala wedwa kothisha oyedwa. Hlanganisa uthisha wakho we-CS nozakwabo esinye isikole, noma ulethe ukwesekwa kwangaphandle ngezikhathi ezithile. Insizakalo yesikole ehlelekile ikhona ncamashi ukuze uthisha oyedwa angabi wukuphela komugqa wokuzivikela.
• Yabela imali yezicucu neyesikhathi sokumisa, hhayi amakhithi kuphela. Isethi yekilasi esebenza uhhafu ikhukhula ukuzethemba ngokushesha. Yabela cishe u-10 kuya ku-15% wezindleko zekhithi ngezicucu, futhi unike uthisha isikhathi sokumisa esikhokhelwayo ngaphambi kwethemu yokuqala.
• Phatha i-AI njengesihloko esifundwa ndawonye. Njengoba kungu-42% kuphela wothisha ozizwa ukulungele, isinyathelo esiqotho ukufunda kanye nabafundi kunokuzenza uchwepheshe.

Lapho abathengisi bethwala khona umthwalo wemfanelo

Uma u-81% wamakhasimende akho engebona ochwepheshe, ukunikeza ikhithi bese uthi mhlophe akuwona umkhiqizo. Kungukubalekela umsebenzi. Ucwaningo empeleni luwumyalelo kuwo wonke umuntu othengisela izikole: ithuluzi kumele lifundise uthisha, hhayi ingane kuphela.

Empeleni lokho kusho izinto ezimbalwa. Izifundo kumele zibhalwe ngokwanele ukuze uthisha onovalo akwazi ukuziqhuba engazilungiselele, zinezimpendulo namanothi amaphutha avamile. Izinsimbi kumele zehluleke ngesizotha futhi zilungiseke. Futhi kumele kube nendlela yokuzilolonga ngaphandle kwekhithi eliphathekayo, ngoba indawo yokuqala isifundo esiphuka kuyo ukumiswa. Indlela yethu yeyame ebhodini elilodwa kuwo wonke amazinga, i-sheenbot∞, elihlanganiswe nesimulatha ukuze ipulasitiki nesiphequluli kuziphathe ngendlela efanayo. Noma yiliphi ibhrendi isikole esilikhethayo, silihlole ngokuthi lehlisa kangakanani umthwalo kulowo thisha oyedwa ongesiye uchwepheshe.

Umyalezo omqoka

Ucwaningo lwe-CSTA aluyona isigwebo ngothisha. Kuyincazelo yesifundo esisha esikhule sedlula izinhlaka zaso zokwesekwa. Iningi lothisha be-CS alizange lifunde i-CS, uhhafu wabo usebenza wodwa, kanti abaningi bazizwa bengalungele i-AI. Ngakunye kwalokho kungalungiswa ngohlelo lokufunda, ukuzilolonga, ukuxhumana namathuluzi aqotho. Izikole ezakha lezo zinsika zivamise ukubagcina othisha bazo be-CS. Lezo ezinikeza ikhithi bese zihamba ziyaqhubeka nokubalahlekelwa.

Imibuzo evamile

Ingabe udinga iziqu zesayensi yamakhompiyutha ukuze ufundise i-coding namarobhothi?

Cha. Idatha ye-CSTA ikhombisa ukuthi okuphambene nalokho yikho okuvamile: abane kwabahlanu bothisha be-CS bavela kwesinye isifundo. Okubikezela ikilasi elihle uhlelo lokufunda oluhlelwe ngokulandelana, isikhathi sokulungiselela nomuntu ongambuza, hhayi iqophelo elithile lemfundo.

Umsekela kanjani uthisha we-CS oyedwa kuphela esikoleni?

Mxhume nabangaphandle bese umnika umgogodla angafundisa ngawo. Uhlelo lokufunda olwabelwanwayo, ozakwabo esinye isikole nosizo lwangaphandle ngezikhathi ezithile kuguqula indima yokuba wedwa ibe yindima esekelwe. Namathuluzi okuzilolonga ayasiza, ngoba avumela uthisha osebenza yedwa ukuthi ahlole isifundo ngaphambi kokusiqhuba ekilasini.

Ingabe othisha abangebona ochwepheshe kufanele bayifundise nhlobo i-AI?

Yebo, ngokucophelela. Njengoba othisha abaningi bethi i-AI ifanele i-CS kodwa bembalwa abazizwa bekulungele, indlela esebenzayo ukuqala ngokuncane bese ufunda nabafundi, usebenzisa izifundo ezihlelekile kunokuzenzela phambi kwekilasi.