Ngo-2025 i-Computer Science Teachers Association, isebenzisana ne-Kapor Foundation, ipapashe uphando lwayo lwe-CS Teacher Landscape lwootitshala abangama-2,882 abakwi-PK-12. Elona nani licaphulwa kakhulu liyakhathaza: i-81% yaloo titshala ingene kwiklasi ye-CS ingenamvelaphi yayo yokusebenza ngeekhompyutha. Kufundeka ngathi yintlekele. Isondele ngakumbi kwingxaki yoyilo, kwaye iingxaki zoyilo zilungiswa ngoqeqesho olufanelekileyo, ngekharityhulam nangenkxaso.

Yintoni ngokwenene efunyaniswe luphando

Zithathu iziphumo ezenza uninzi lomsebenzi. Okokuqala, i-81% yootitshala be-CS abaphandiweyo beze kwesi sifundo bengenamvelaphi ye-CS okanye yobuchwepheshe. Bebengootitshala bemathematika, benzululwazi, bobugcisa okanye beelwimi ababecelwa, okanye abazinikelayo, ukuba bathabathe ikhowudi. Okwesibini, i-50% ingootitshala be-CS abakuphela kwabo esikolweni sabo. Akukho mlingane usekupheleni kwephaseji onokumbuza xa isifundo simile. Okwesithathu, kubukrelekrele bokwenziwa umsantsa mkhulu: i-81% ikholelwa ukuba i-AI kufuneka ibe sisiseko semfundo ye-CS, kodwa yi-42% kuphela eziva ixhotyisiwe ukuyifundisa.

Xa kufundwa kunye, oku akukokunqongophala kootitshala abazimiseleyo. Kukunqongophala kwenkxaso ebajikelezayo. Ingxelo epheleleyo ifumaneka kwiphepha le-CSTA landscape.

Kutheni oku kubalulekile kwizikolo zaseMzantsi Afrika

UMzantsi Afrika uphila elo bali linye kwixesha elifutshane ngakumbi. Ikharityhulam yeCoding neRobotics ingena kwi-CAPS, kwaye ootitshala abacelwa ukuba bayifundise, ubukhulu becala, ayizizo iingcali zeekhompyutha. Ngutitshala weklasi yeBanga lesi-5, okanye ngutitshala weLife Skills olungileyo ngeekhompyutha. Amanani e-CSTA abachaza kakuhle.

Isiphumo esimalunga nokushiyeka wedwa sesona sibaluleke kakhulu apha. Utitshala omnye we-CS kwisakhiwo, ngokufuthi ofundisa esi sifundo ixesha elithile kuphela, uthwala yonke into: ikhithi, ikharityhulam, ukumaka nemibuzo yabazali. Yongeza ukucinywa kombane, i-bandwidth engalinganiyo nohlahlo-lwabiwo-mali oluxineneyo, umsebenzi ube nzima nangakumbi. Akukho nanye kwezi zinto ithetha ukuba utitshala akaqeqeshekanga ngokwaneleyo. Ithetha ukuba isikolo asizakhanga ngokwaneleyo iziseko zenkxaso zesifundo esitsha.

Yintoni omawuyenze ngayo

Uphando lukhomba kwizisombululo ezikwaphantsi kolawulo lwesikolo. Akukho mfuneko yokuqesha ingcali yenzululwazi yeekhompyutha. Kufuneka unciphise ukushiyeka wedwa uze unike utitshala umqolo anokufundisa esekelwe kuwo.

• Nika utitshala ikharityhulam elandelelanayo, kungekhona imfumba yemisebenzi. Indlela yeveki nganye isusa isigqibo semihla ngemihla sokuba ndifundise ntoni okulandelayo. Ikharityhulam ecwangcisiweyo yenza okungakumbi kongengongcali kunaso nasiphi na isifundo esinye esikrelekrele.
• Vumela ootitshala baziqhelise phambi kokuba beme phambi kweklasi. Uninzi loloyiko luvela ekwenzeni into entsha phambi kwabantwana abangamashumi amathathu. Isimuleyitha yebhrawuza ivumela utitshala ukuba azilolonge isifundo esipheleleyo engenakhithi engenambane; unokuzama enye kwibhrawuza ngexesha lakho lokuphumla.
• Yaphula ukushiyeka wedwa kotitshala omnye. Dibanisa utitshala wakho we-CS nontanga wakhe kwesinye isikolo, okanye ungenise inkxaso yangaphandle rhoqo. Inkonzo yesikolo ecwangcisiweyo ikhona kanye ukuze utitshala oyedwa angabi ngowona mgca wokuzikhusela wodwa.
• Bekela bucala imali yezinto zokutshintsha nexesha lokuseta, kungekhona iikhithi kuphela. Isethi yeklasi esebenza isiqingatha ityumza ukuzithemba ngokukhawuleza. Bekela bucala malunga ne-10 ukuya kwi-15% yeendleko zekhithi kwizinto zokutshintsha, uze unike utitshala ixesha lokuseta elihlawulelweyo phambi kwekota yokuqala.
• Yiphathe i-AI njengomxholo ekufuneka nifunde ngawo kunye. Njengoko yi-42% kuphela yootitshala eziva ilungile, inyathelo elinyanisekileyo kukufunda kunye nabafundi kunokuzenza ingcali.

Apho abathengisi bathwala uxanduva khona

Ukuba i-81% yabathengi bakho ayizongcali, ukunikezela ngekhithi uze uthi mahle amathamsanqa akuyiyo imveliso. Kukushiya uxanduva. Uphando ngokwenene ngumyalelo kuye wonke umntu othengisela izikolo: isixhobo kufuneka sifundise utitshala, kungekhona umntwana kuphela.

Ngokwenza, oko kuthetha izinto ezimbalwa. Izifundo kufuneka zibhalwe ngokwaneleyo ukuze utitshala onovalo akwazi ukuziqhuba engazilungiselelanga, zinezitshixo zeempendulo namanqaku eempazamo eziqhelekileyo. Izixhobo kufuneka zisilele ngendlela ethozamileyo kwaye zibe nokulungiswa. Kwaye kufuneka kubekho indlela yokuziqhelisa ngaphandle kwekhithi ephathekayo, kuba eyona ndawo yokuqala isifundo esaphuka kuyo kukuseta. Indlela yethu ixhomekeke kwibhodi enye kuwo onke amanqanaba, i-sheenbot∞, edityaniswe nesimuleyitha ukuze iplastiki nebhrawuza ziziphathe ngendlela efanayo. Nayiphi na ibhrendi ekhethwa sisikolo, yigwebe ngokuba iwuthoba kangakanani na umthwalo kuloo titshala mnye ongengongcali.

Isishwankathelo

Uphando lwe-CSTA ayisosigwebo ngootitshala. Yinkcazo yesifundo esitsha esikhule ngaphaya kweziseko zaso zenkxaso. Uninzi lootitshala be-CS alukhange lufunde i-CS, isiqingatha sisebenza sisodwa, kwaye uninzi luziva lungakulungelanga i-AI. Nganye kwezo zinto inokulungiswa ngekharityhulam, ngokuzilolonga, ngonxibelelwano nangezixhobo ezinyanisekileyo. Izikolo ezakha ezo ziseko zenkxaso zidla ngokubagcina ootitshala bazo be-CS. Ezo zinikezela ngekhithi zize zihambe ziyaqhubeka ziphulukana nabo.

Imibuzo eqhelekileyo

Ngaba ufuna isidanga senzululwazi yeekhompyutha ukuze ufundise ukubhala ikhowudi neerobhotiki?

Hayi. Idatha ye-CSTA ibonisa ukuba okuchaseneyo koko kuyinto eqhelekileyo: abane kwabahlanu bootitshala be-CS bavela kwesinye isifundo. Into eqikelela iklasi elungileyo yikharityhulam elandelelanayo, lixesha lokulungiselela nomntu onokumbuza, kungekhona isiqinisekiso esithile.

Umxhasa njani utitshala okuphela kwakhe we-CS esikolweni?

Mdibanise nabantu bangaphandle uze umnike umqolo anokufundisa esekelwe kuwo. Ikharityhulam eyabelwanwayo, ontanga kwesinye isikolo noncedo lwangaphandle oluza rhoqo lwenza indima yobunye ibe yindima exhaswayo. Izixhobo zokuzilolonga nazo ziyanceda, kuba zivumela utitshala oyedwa ukuba avavanye isifundo phambi kokuba asiqhube phambi kweklasi.

Ngaba ootitshala abangengongcali kufuneka bayifundise i-AI kwaphela?

Ewe, ngokulumka. Ekubeni uninzi lootitshala lusithi i-AI ifanele ibe kwi-CS kodwa bambalwa abaziva belungile, indlela esebenzayo kukuqala kancinci uze ufunde kunye nabafundi, usebenzisa izifundo ezicwangcisiweyo endaweni yokuqamba xa umi phambi kweklasi.