Iprojekthi eyomeleleyo ye-hydroponics yomboniso wenzululwazi ngokwenene luvavanyo olusesikweni: utshintsha into enye, ugcine yonke enye into ingaguquki, uze ulinganise ukuba kwenzeka ntoni. I-hydroponics iyifanele kakuhle le nto kuba iimeko zokukhula ngamanani owamisayo, kungekhona imozulu olindele yona. Iiyure zokukhanya, amandla ezondlo, umsantsa phakathi kwezityalo kunye ne-oksijini — zonke zilawulwa nguwe. Ngezantsi kukho iiyilo ezisibhozo zovavanyo olusesikweni onokuluqhuba efestileni okanye kwireki encinci, kunye nendlela yokurekhoda nokwenza igrafu yedatha ukuze iziphumo zakho zimelane nemibuzo yomgwebi.

Iintlobo ezintathu zezinto eziguqukayo ezifunwa luvavanyo ngalunye olusesikweni

Phambi kokuba kufakwe nembewu enye, bhala phantsi iintlobo ezintathu zezinto eziguqukayo. Ukuzichana ezi yiyo into eyahlula iprojekthi yenzululwazi kumboniso wesitiya.

• Into eguqukayo ezimeleyo yile nto inye oyitshintsha ngabom, njengeeyure zokukhanya ngosuku.
• Into eguqukayo exhomekekileyo yile nto oyilinganisayo njengempendulo: ubude, inani lamagqabi, okanye ubunzima obutsha ngexesha lokuvuna.
• Izinto eziguqukayo ezilawulwayo zizo zonke izinto ozigcina zifana ukuze utshintsho lube sesikweni: ubushushu bamanzi, i-pH, iqela lembewu, umgangatho wokukhulela kunye nomthamo wetanki.

Qhuba ubuncinane amaqela ovavanyo amabini okanye amathathu, uze usebenzise izityalo ezithathu kwiqela ngalinye. Izityalo ezithathu zikuvumela ukuba wenze umndilili ushiye ngaphandle isithole esibuthathaka, nto leyo ingumahluko phakathi kwethamsanqa nesiphumo. Ikota enye ngokuqhelekileyo lixesha elaneleyo kwizityalo ezikhula ngokukhawuleza njengeletusi, ibhasil, isipinatshi okanye i-microgreens.

Uvavanyo olusibhozo onokulwenza ngokwenene

Umqolo ngamnye utshintsha into enye kuphela eguqukayo. Khetha enye, uze umelane nomnqweno wokuvavanya izinto ezimbini ngaxeshanye, kuba emva koko awukwazi ukutsho ukuba yeyiphi ebangele utshintsho.

Uvavanyo	Into oyitshintshayo	Into oyilinganisayo	Into oyigcina ifana
Iiyure zokukhanya	Ukukhanya kwemihla ngemihla, umz. 12 kuthelekiswa ne-16 nange-20 iiyure	Ubude nenani lamagqabi	Umgama wesibane, i-EC, ubushushu
Amandla ezondlo	I-EC yesisombululo: ephantsi, ephakathi, ephezulu	Ubunzima obutsha ngexesha lokuvuna	I-pH, iiyure zokukhanya, umgangatho wokukhulela
I-pH	I-pH yesisombululo, umz. 5.0, 6.0, 7.0	Umbala wamagqabi nobunzima	I-EC, ukukhanya, ubushushu
Umsantsa wezityalo	Isithuba phakathi kwezityalo kumjelo	Ubunzima besityalo ngasinye	Ukukhanya, isondlo, isityalo
Ukufakelwa komoya	Impompo yomoya evuliweyo kuthelekiswa nevaliweyo	Ubude nombala weengcambu	Isondlo, ubushushu, ukukhanya
Ubushushu bamanzi	Itanki epholileyo kuthelekiswa nefudumeleyo	Ukukhula ngeveki	I-EC, i-pH, iiyure zokukhanya
Umbala wokukhanya	Ii-LED ezimhlophe kuthelekiswa nezibomvu-nezizuba	Ubude nobungakanani begqabi	Iiyure zokukhanya zizonke, umgama
Umgangatho wokukhulela	I-rockwool kuthelekiswa namatye odongwe kunye ne-coco coir	Ixesha lokuhluma nobude	Isondlo, ukukhanya, ubushushu

Amanani e-EC, awe-pH nawokukhanya angentla ziindawo zokuqalisa kwindlela yakho yokusebenza, kungekhona iimpendulo omele uzilindele. Umsebenzi wakho kukufumanisa ukuba kwenzeka ntoni ngokwenene uze ukuxele ngokunyaniseka, nokuba izityalo aziluvumi uqikelelo lwakho.

Ukulinganisa nokwenza igrafu yedatha yakho

Abagwebi bavuza igrafu ngaphezulu lee kunefoto enye yasekupheleni kweprojekthi. Yenza umlinganiselo ofanayo ngosuku olufanayo kwiveki nganye, uze urekhode amanani achanekileyo endaweni yokuthi “kubonakala side ngakumbi”. Irula nesikali sasekhitshini kwanele kubude nakubunzima, kwaye usiba olusisiseko lwe-EC nolwe-pH lwanele kwisisombululo.

Kwizifundo ezibhadulayo ebudeni bemini, njengobushushu, i-EC nomgangatho wokukhanya, i-microcontroller iyalifumana ixabiso layo. Ibhodi enje nge-sheenbot∞ inokufunda i-probe ize irekhode ixabiso yonke imizuzu embalwa, nto leyo iguqula uqikelelo lwakanye ngeveki lube ngumgca ochanekileyo kwigrafu. Abafundi badla ngokwakha isixhobo sabo sokuqala sokurekhoda iisensa kwenye yeeworkshop zethu zeeholide zesikolo, kwaye ibhodi kunye neeprobe ziyafumaneka kwivenkile ukuba ufuna ukuseta esakho ekhaya.

Iintlobo ezimbini zeegrafu zanele kwiiprojekthi ezininzi: igrafu yomgca yomlinganiselo ekuhambeni kwexesha, ukukhula veki nganye, kunye netshathi yeebha ethelekisa isiphumo sokugqibela phakathi kwamaqela ovavanyo, ubunzima phantsi kweeyure ezili-12, ezili-16 nezingama-20 zokukhanya. Chaza imigca yakho yesikali ngeeyunithi, uze uphawule nakuphi na ukucinywa kombane. Impompo okanye isibane esasicimile iiyure ezine siyinxalenye yedatha yakho, kungekhona into yokufihla.

Isakhelo sokubhala abagwebi abasilindeleyo

Iimboniso ezininzi zaseMzantsi Afrika, kubandakanya i-Eskom Expo for Young Scientists, zifuna umgogodla ofanayo. Zalisa isihloko ngasinye ngokulandelelana:

1. Injongo: isivakalisi esinye ngento oyivavanyayo.
2. Uqikelelo: into oyilindeleyo nesizathu sayo, ibhalwe phambi kokuba uqalise.
3. Indlela yokusebenza: iinkcukacha ezaneleyo zokuba omnye umntu akwazi ukuluphinda ncam, kubandakanya nezinto ozilawulayo.
4. Iziphumo: itheyibhile neegrafu zakho, kunye nomgca omnye okanye emibini echaza oko zikubonisayo.
5. Ingxoxo: ukuba idatha ithetha ntoni, yintoni engahambanga kakuhle, nokuba yintoni ebuya kuyitshintsha.
6. Isigqibo: ngaba ubungqina buyaluxhasa uqikelelo lwakho? Ewe, hayi, okanye ngokuyinxenye.

Iimpazamo eziqhelekileyo omele uziphephe

• Ukutshintsha izinto ezimbini eziguqukayo ngaxeshanye, ngoko akukho nzathu inye inokwahlulwa.
• Isityalo esinye kwiqela ngalinye lovavanyo, into ekushiya ungenandlela yokwenza umndilili.
• Ukulinganisa ngeliso endaweni yokurekhoda amanani.
• Ukugalela amanzi etankini ngaphandle kokujonga i-EC ne-pH, into etshintsha ngokuzolileyo izinto zakho eziguqukayo ezilawulwayo.
• Ukuqala emva kwexesha. Ukuhluma novavanyo olwaneleyo kufuna iiveki ezimbalwa, ngoko qala kwasekuqaleni kwekota.

Isifundo esiphambili

Ezona projekthi zilungileyo ze-hydroponics zilula: into enye ecacileyo eguqukayo, imilinganiselo enyanisekileyo, kunye negrafu ebalisa ibali. Yenza uvavanyo lube sesikweni, kwaye nefestile enoletusi iba yinzululwazi yokwenene. Ukuba ungathanda uncedo lokuguqula olunye lwezi yilo lube sisixhobo esakhiweyo, bhukisha iklasi yovavanyo size sikuncede ucwangcise isixhobo nokurekhodwa kwedatha.

Imibuzo ebuzwa rhoqo

Kufuneka luqhube ixesha elingakanani uvavanyo?

Jonga kwiiveki ezine ukuya kwezintandathu zokukhula emva kokuhluma. Elo lixesha elide ngokwaneleyo ukubona umahluko wokwenene phakathi kwamaqela ovavanyo nokubeka amanqaku aliqela kwigrafu, kwaye lingena kwikota enye yesikolo.

Loluphi uvavanyo olulula kakhulu kumntu owenza okokuqala?

Iiyure zokukhanya okanye amandla ezondlo. Zombini zilula ukuzilawula, zitshiphu ukuzimisela, kwaye ngokuqhelekileyo zibonisa umahluko ocacileyo, into egcina umfundi wenzululwazi omncinci ekhuthazekile.

Ngaba ndifuna iisensa ezidulu?

Hayi. Irula, isikali kunye nosiba olusisiseko lwe-EC nolwe-pH kwanele kwiiprojekthi ezininzi. Ukurekhoda okuzenzekelayo nge-microcontroller sisipho esongezelelweyo esenza iigrafu zakho zibe nesihlwitha ngakumbi, kungekhona imfuneko yesiphumo esomeleleyo.