Iinxalenye zekhithi zimele zakhe uninzi lwerobhothi yakho ye-FIRST Tech Challenge. Ukwenza ngomatshini ngokwezifiso kuzuza indawo yako kwisishumi sokugqibela, apho kungekho nxalenye ithengwa eshelufini ifikelela kanye kwimilo efunwa ngumdlalo. Umbuzo wokwenene ngexesha lokwakha asikuko ukuba yeyiphi engcono ngokwethiyori. Kukuba yeyiphi ekhusela isantya sakho sokuphinda-phinda ngoxa usenazo iiveki zokuphucula.

Iinxalenye zekhithi ziyaphumelela kuba zikuvumela ukuba wakhe kwakhona ngokukhawuleza

Iinkqubo zeekhithi ezifana ne-goBILDA, i-REV kunye ne-TETRIX zabelana ngeepatheni zemingxuma ezifanayo, ngeetshaneli nangeebhrakethi. Loo nto yokulinganisa yiyo yonke injongo. Ungakhulula iibholithi zesistim engaphantsi, ushenxise imoto ngemingxuma emibini, uze ube uvavanya kwakhona ngaphambi komdlalo olandelayo wokuziqhelanisa. Utshintsho ngalunye lunokubuyiselwa umva, kwaye akukho nto ilahlekayo xa ingcinga ingasebenzi.

Ngexesha lokwakha into ekunciphisayo ayifane ibe sisakhono somatshini. Linani leelophu zoyilo onokuzenza ngaphambi komdlalo wakho wokuqala wokugqwesa. Iqela eliphinda-phinda i-intake yalo izihlandlo ezilishumi ngefom yekhithi lidla ngokoyisa iqela elenze inguqulelo enye entle ngomatshini laza emva koko alakwazi ukuyitshintsha lula. Iinxalenye zekhithi zigcina loo lophu ishipu kwaye ikhawuleza.

Apho ukwenza ngomatshini ngokwezifiso kuyizuza ngokwenene indawo yako

Iinxalenye ezenziwe ngokwezifiso ziyazuzisa kwipesenti elishumi lokugqibela lerobhothi, kwaye phantse azize zizuzise ngaphambi kokuba uyingqine ingcinga ngefom yekhithi. Iindawo ezilungileyo ziimilo ezithile zomdlalo iinxalenye eziqhelekileyo ezingenako ukuzenza: umlomo we-intake okwi-engile ethile, isikhokelo esigobileyo esiqhubela into yomdlalo, ibhrakethi ephantsi edlula ibhampa, okanye ubunzima obukhutshwa kwinxalenye osele uyiqinisekisile.

Umgaqo ogcina amaqela kude engxakini ulula. Yenza iprototayipi ngekhithi, uzibophelele ngentsimbi. Ukuba akukayiqhubi loo ndlela isebenza ngayo waza wabona isenza amanqaku, awukakulungeli ukuyenza ngomatshini. Ukusika uyilo ongakhange uluvavanye kwenza nje inguqulelo ebiza kakhulu yoqikelelo.

Izibalo zeendleko nezexesha lokufika

Uthelekiso olunyanisekileyo alubhekisi ncam kumgangatho wenxalenye. Ibhrakethi eyenziwe ngomatshini inokuba lula kwaye yomelele ngakumbi. Lubhekisa kwindlela ukhetho ngalunye oluzichaphazela ngayo izinto ezimbini ongaze ube nazo ngokwaneleyo: ixesha nolungiso.

Umba	Iinxalenye zekhithi	Ukwenza ngomatshini ngokwezifiso
Ixesha lokufikelela kwinguqulelo yokuqala esebenzayo	Imizuzu ukuya kwiyure	Iintsuku, xa sele wongeze uyilo nomgca wokulinda
Iindleko ngalo lonke utshintsho	Ziphantsi; sebenzisa kwakhona uze uphinde ubhobhoze isitokhwe esikhoyo	Ziphezulu; ulungiso ngalunye zizinto ezintsha nexesha levenkile yoomatshini
Ixesha lokufika	Sele ikwibhini yakho yeenxalenye	Yila, wenze ngomatshini okanye uthumele ngaphandle, uze ugqibezele
Ukubuyiselwa umva	Khulula iibholithi uzame kwakhona	Kuzibophelele xa sele kusikiwe
Kusetyenziswa ngcono kweyiphi	Ubume, i-drivetrain, uninzi lweebhrakethi	Ujiyometri oqinisekisiweyo, othile womdlalo

Yifunde le theyibhile njengendlela yokusebenza, hayi njengesigwebo. Uninzi lwerobhothi luhlala kwikholam yasekhohlo isizini yonke. Iinxalenye ezimbalwa eziqinisekisiweyo ziyathuthela kwikholam yasekunene xa uyilo lugqibe ukutshintsha.

Yintoni omele uyilungiselele ngokwezifiso kuqala

Ukuba wenza into enye kuphela ngomatshini, mayibe yi-intake. Ukufumana amanqaku kudla ngokuxhomekeka kwindlela othembeke ngayo ekuqokeleleni nasekulawuleni izinto zomdlalo, kwaye ezo zinto zitshintsha imilo nobungakanani kwisizini nganye, ngoko ujiyometri oqhelekileyo awufane ungene ngokugqibeleleyo. Ujiyometri we-intake, oko kukuthi i-engile yomlomo, isikhewu kunye nokuthamba komphezulu ochukumisa loo nto, kulapho inxalenye eyenziwe ngokwezifiso iguqula khona irobhothi esebenza kakhulu ibe yeyona isebenza kuwo wonke umjikelo.

Emva kwe-intake, ezilandelayo ziinxalenye ekufuneka zimelane nokungqubana okanye zingene kwindawo emxinwa. Yishiyele ikhithi i-drivetrain, ubume kunye noninzi lokufaka. Ezo yimicimbi esele isonjululwe, kwaye ukuziqamba kwakhona kutya ixesha lesizini obungakhetha ukulichitha uqhuba.

Indlela yokwenza iinxalenye ngaphandle komatshini we-mill

Awudingi venkile yoomatshini eklasini yakho ukuze usebenzise iinxalenye zokwezifiso. Iindlela ezimbalwa zokufikelela zigubungela amaqela amaninzi:

• I-CNC eyenziwa ngaphandle. Thumela ivenkile ifayile ye-DXF okanye ye-STEP uze ulindele umgca wokulinda. Odola kwangethuba, uhlanganise iinxalenye zakho zibe liqela elinye, uze uyile ngendlela yokuba useto olunye lwenze ezininzi ngexesha elinye.
• Ukuprinta nge-3D njengebhulorho. Printa ujiyometri ongesosakhelo ukuze uphucule imilo ngendleko ephantsi, uze wenze inguqulelo yokugqibela ngomatshini kuphela ukuba kufuneka ithwale umthwalo okanye imelane nokubethwa.
• Izixhobo zesandla nedrill press. Iinxalenye ezininzi zokwezifiso zizikhewu, imingxuma nomphetho osikiweyo kuphela. Ifayile yentsimbi, isarha yentsimbi kunye nokuphawula ngenyameko kuhamba mgama ngaphezu kokuba abantu belindele.
• Ii-makerspace, abaxhasi neeyunivesithi. Ilebhu yasekuhlaleni yokwenza izinto okanye isebe lobunjineli lidla ngokusika inxalenye ngokukhawuleza ngaphezu kokuba ungathenga umatshini we-mill, kwaye ubudlelwane bunexabiso elingaphezu kwenxalenye leyo.

Ukujonga inyani yaseMzantsi Afrika

Imiba emibini yasekhaya iyazitshintsha izibalo. Iinxalenye zekhithi zidla ngokungeniswa zivela phesheya, ngoko amaxesha okufika anokuthatha iiveki; odola iinxalenye zokutshintsha ngaphambi kwesizini, hayi ngexesha layo. Ukucinywa kombane kunokumisa uprinto olude okanye ishedyuli yevenkile ngaphandle kwesilumkiso, ngoko yiphathe nayiphi na inxalenye enye eyenziwe ngomatshini njengomngcipheko de ibe sesandleni sakho. Gcina ibhini yeenxalenye zokutshintsha yeebhrakethi neetshaneli ozisebenzisa kakhulu, uze uthenge ngababini izinto eziqhele ukuguga.

Izakhono zibaluleke ngaphezu kwayo nayiphi na inxalenye enye. Iqela elinokumodela ibhrakethi, lifunde umzobo lize licinge ngendlela isixhobo esisebenza ngayo liya kwenza izigqibo ezingcono zokwezifiso-kunye-nekhithi isizini yonke. Ukuba usafuna iinxalenye, ivenkile yethu yenye yeendawo zokuqalela iikhithi neenxalenye zokutshintsha, kwaye i-akhademi yee-robotics yethu eKapa yakha isiseko soyilo esisemva kwezi zigqibo. Iiwekshophu zeeholide zesikolo yindawo enoxinzelelo oluphantsi yokuziqhelanisa nokwenza iiprototayipi, kwaye abafundi abancinane badla ngokuqala ngebhodi ye-sheenbot∞ ukuze bafunde ingqiqo yolawulo ngaphambi kokuba bachukumise irobhothi yokhuphiswano.

Isishwankathelo

Yakha irobhothi ngeenxalenye zekhithi, ukhusele isantya sakho sokuphinda-phinda, uze wenze ngomatshini kuphela oko usele ukungqinile, uqale nge-intake. Umsebenzi wokwezifiso ngumnyathelo wokugqibezela, hayi indawo yokuqala. Amaqela aphumelelayo kolu khetho ngalawo aqhubeka etshintsha izimvo zawo ngendleko ephantsi ixesha elide kangangoko, aze abophelele intsimbi kwizigqibo ezimbalwa esele ziyekile ukutshintsha.

Imibuzo eqhelekileyo

Ngaba iqela elisaqalayo lifanele lenze into ngomatshini kunyaka wokuqala?

Ngokuqhelekileyo hayi. Chitha isizini yakho yokuqala ufunda ukuphinda-phinda ngefom yekhithi nokuqhuba kakuhle. Uya kufunda okungakumbi kwizakhiwo ezilishumi ezikhawulezayo kunakwinxalenye enye eyenziwe ngomatshini, kwaye uya kwenza ukhetho olungcono lwezinto zokwezifiso kunyaka ozayo.

Ngaba sifanele siprinte nge-3D okanye sisebenzise i-CNC kwi-intake yokwezifiso?

Printa ukuze ufumane imilo, wenze ngomatshini ukuze uyigcine. I-intake eprintiweyo ilungele ukuvavanya i-engile yomlomo nesikhewu ngempelaveki. Xa sele usazi ukuba ujiyometri uyasebenza kwaye kufuneka umelane nokungqubana okuphindaphindiweyo, lelo lixesha lokuyisika ngentsimbi.

Sizakha njani izakhono zoyilo ngaphambi kokuba iqale isizini?

Ziqhelanise ngaphandle kwesizini kwizakhiwo ezingenamngcipheko mkhulu. Ukulinganisela ukumodela, ukwenza iiprototayipi kunye nesiqhelo sokuqala ngeprototayipi uze uzibophelele ngaphambi kokuba iwotshi yokwenyani isebenze kokwahlula amaqela enza izinto zokwezifiso kakuhle kumaqela azenza kwangoko kakhulu.