Ibiza malini ngempela ilabhorethri yamarobhothi esikoleni eNingizimu Afrika — konke kufakiwe?
Ukumisa ilabhorethri yamarobhothi esikoleni eNingizimu Afrika kubiza phakathi kuka-R55,000 no-R165,000 ekilasini labafundi abangama-30, kunentela yokushintsha izingxenye engu-15% ngonyaka izikole eziningi ezingayifaki esabelweni sazo.
Ukuze umise ilabhorethri yamarobhothi esebenzayo futhi esimeme yekilasi labafundi abangama-30 (besebenza ngababili emastheshini angu-15) eNingizimu Afrika, kumele wabele phakathi kuka-R55,000 welabhorethri esekelwe ku-micro:bit ye-open-source no-R165,000 wohlelo lwezinto zomthengisi oyedwa lwezinga eliphezulu. Noma ngubani okutshela ukuthi kungenziwa ngemali engaphansi ubalela izinsimbi kuphela, enganaki izindleko ezingenakugwenywa zengqalasizinda, ezokuqeqeshwa kothisha, kanye ‘nentela yezicucu’ yaminyaka yonke.
Iphutha elikhulu kunawo wonke elenziwa izikole zaseNingizimu Afrika ukuphatha ilabhorethri yamarobhothi njengokuthenga okwenziwa kanye kuphela. Phakathi nezinyanga eziyishumi nambili, amaphinnyana alahlekile, amagiya asegugile, amabhethri e-lithium-ion afile, kanye nabasebenzi abangaqeqeshiwe kungaguqula utshalomali luka-R100,000 lube yikhabethe eligcwele izitini zepulasitiki ezibizayo. Ukuze wakhe isabelomali esizosinda ekilasini, kumele ubheke zonke izindleko zobunikazi.
Ugibe 'lwekhithi elishibhe kunawo wonke'
Uma amabhodi ezikole ebheka amarobhothi, isilingo ukuvakashela amasayithi okuthenga ngaphandle ku-inthanethi bese kuthengwa amakhithi ezimoto zamarobhothi ajwayelekile ka-R500. Lokhu cishe njalo kuwukwehluleka kwezimali. La makhithi ashibhile athembele kuma-chassis e-acrylic abuthakathaka aphahlazeka ematayeleni ekilasi, adinga ukushiselwa kwezintambo okuyinkimbinkimbi othisha basemabangeni aphansi abangeke bakuqaphe ngokuphepha, futhi awuhambisani nhlobo nohlelo lokufunda oluhlelekile.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, amakhithi ashibhile ngokuvamile asebenzisa ama-microcontroller ajwayelekile ahluphekayo ukuxhumana namanethiwekhi ezikole. Iningi lezikole zaseNingizimu Afrika ezizimele nezikahulumeni lisebenzisa amanethiwekhi e-Wi-Fi e-WPA2-Enterprise, adinga igama lomsebenzisi nephasiwedi ukuze ungene. Amashipsi e-Wi-Fi ashibhile emabhodini ajwayelekile awakwazi ukumelana naleli protocol ngaphandle kokusethwa kwenethiwekhi okuyinkimbinkimbi kwezinga lebhizinisi, okwenza abe yize kumaplatifomu okubhala ikhodi asemafini.
Izindleko zangempela zezinsimbi: ezinga eliphezulu qhathanisa ne-open-source
Ukuze siqonde isabelomali sezinsimbi, kumele sibheke izindlela ezimbili ezidlangile zemfundo: izinhlelo zomthengisi oyedwa (njenge-LEGO Education) nezinsimbi ze-open-source (njenge-micro:bit noma izinhlelo ezisekelwe ku-ESP32).
Emaforamu omhlaba wonke afana no-r/robotics we-Reddit, umgoqo wezimali wamaplatifomu ezinga eliphezulu uyindikimba engapheli. Njengoba omunye umfundisi asho:
"Ngabe ngisebenzisa i-LEGO Education/EV3/Spike Prime, kodwa ibiza kakhulu kabi ($400 ngekhithi ngalinye lemfundo) … Namamotho abiza kakhulu (kimina) ngo-$84."
Ngamarandi aseNingizimu Afrika, lelo khithi lika-$400 lifinyelela cishe ku-R7,500 uma sekufakwe intela yokungenisa impahla nokwengezwa kwentengo kwabasabalalisi bendawo. Imotho eyodwa yokushintsha nge-$84 icishe ibe ngu-R1,600. Ekilasini labafundi abangama-30 abasebenza ngababili, amakhithi angu-15 wodwa azobiza ngaphezu kuka-R110,000.
Ezikoleni ezisebenza ngezabelomali ezincishisiwe—eziseduze nalezo ezibikwe ku-r/Teachers, lapho eminye iminyango yesayensi ibhekene nesabelomali se-STEM nesayensi seminyaka emibili esihlanganisiwe esingu-$100 nje (R1,900)—indlela yezinga eliphezulu ivalekile ngokuphelele. Yilapha izinsimbi ze-open-source eziba khona ukuphela kwendlela esebenzayo. Ikhithi eliqinile lamarobhothi emfundo le-micro:bit elisekelwa endaweni libiza phakathi kuka-R1,800 no-R2,500, okwehlisa izindleko zezinsimbi eziyisisekelo zibe cishe ku-R30,000 ngamastheshini angu-15.
Izinto ezifihlakele ohlwini lwezindleko
Ukuze wakhe isabelomali esiqotho, kumele wengeze izindleko zengqalasizinda nezokusebenza abahlinzeki abangavamile ukuzifaka lapho bethengisa:
- Ukushaja nokugcina okuphephile (R8,500 kuya ku-R15,000): ENingizimu Afrika, ukuphepha kuwumugqa ongaxoxwa ngawo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, njengoba ukucinywa kukagesi kuqhubeka, udinga itroli elihambayo elikhiyekayo elinesivikelo sokugxuma kukagesi esifakiwe. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi ugingqele amakhithi endaweni yogesi eqine kunazo zonke noma ekilasini elisekelwe ngamandla elanga ukuze ashaje ngezikhathi zokucinywa okuhleliwe.
- Intela yezicucu (15% yenani lezinsimbi ngonyaka): Esifundweni semizuzu engama-40, izingxenye ezincane ziyanyamalala. Ama-sensor ayawiswa, namagiya ayagugiswa. Uma ungabeli okungenani u-15% wenani eliphelele lezinsimbi zakho ngezicucu zokushintsha zaminyaka yonke, ilabhorethri yakho izozidla kancane kancane kuze kube ingxenye yamastheshini ayisasebenziseki.
- Ukuqeqeshwa kothisha nohlelo lokufunda (R12,000 kuya ku-R20,000): Ilabhorethri ilingana kuphela nothisha oyiqhubayo. Ukulindela ukuthi uthisha wezobuchwepheshe noma we-IT afundise i-Coding ne-Robotics ehambisana ne-CAPS ngaphandle kokuqeqeshwa okusemthethweni kuyindlela eqonde ekukhathaleni kothisha. Yabela imali yokuthuthukiswa kobungcweti kwangaphandle nohlelo lokufunda oluhlelekile olulungele ukufundiswa.
Ukuqhathaniswa kwesabelomali esiphelele
Nazi izibalo zangempela zelabhorethri yamastheshini angu-15 esiza abafundi abangama-30 ngasikhathi sinye:
| Into esabelomalini | Ilabhorethri enakekela isabelomali (Open-Source/micro:bit) | Ilabhorethri yesikhungo yezinga eliphezulu (LEGO Spike Prime) |
|---|---|---|
| Izinsimbi eziyisisekelo (amakhithi angu-15) | R30,000 | R112,500 |
| Itroli lokushaja elihambayo (livikelwe ekugxumeni kukagesi) | R8,500 | R15,000 |
| Izicucu & izinto ezisetshenziswayo zonyaka 1 | R4,500 | R17,000 |
| Ukuqeqeshwa kothisha & uhlelo lokufunda lwe-CAPS | R12,000 | R20,000 |
| Isamba semali yokuqala ekhishwayo | R55,000 | R164,500 |
| Izindleko eziphindaphindayo zaminyaka yonke (izicucu + ukwesekwa) | R8,000 / ngonyaka | R25,000 / ngonyaka |
Ukuzuza inzuzo kutshalomali lwakho
Uma isikole sakho manje sibhekene nalokhu kukhetha futhi sidinga ukuhlolwa okungakhethi, umugqa nomugqa, kwezinsimbi zendawo yakho ephathekayo, hlola izixazululo zethu zokutholwa kwezinto zelabhorethri.
Ekugcineni, izindleko ngomfundi ngamunye ezivikelekayo zitholakala ngokukhetha izinsimbi ezihambisana nesimo sangempela sendawo nesezimali sesikole sakho. Uma unethimba elizinikele lokusekela le-IT nendawo ephephile engaphakathi, uhlelo lwezinga eliphezulu lunikeza isipiliyoni esilolongeke kakhulu, esingenazo izingqinamba. Uma ubhekene nezabelomali ezincane, amakilasi abelanwayo, nokusekelwa okulinganiselwe kwezobuchwepheshe, ukumiswa okuqinile kwe-open-source akugcini nje ngokushibha—empeleni kubekezela kakhulu.
