Iphrojekthi yesiteshi sesimo sezulu inohambo olucacile: uguqula izinzwa ezimbalwa zibe yizibalo, izibalo zibe yirekhodi eligciniwe, bese lelo rekhodi liba yideshibhodi ikilasi elingayifunda ngokushesha. Umsebenzi wehlukaniswa waba yizigaba ezinhlanu, ukhethe izinzwa zakho, uzibeke endaweni efanele, urekhode idatha, uyenze igrafu, bese wengeza imithetho embalwa yokubikezela, futhi sonke isigaba sifundisa okuthile ngokwaso. Lo mhlahlandlela uhamba indlela yonke ukuze uthisha noma umfundi onentshisekelo akwazi ukuhlela ukwakha okuzomelana nesimo sezulu sangempela.

Qala ngalokho ofuna ukukukala

Isilingo ukuthenga ikhithi enkulu yezinzwa kuqala bese ubona kamuva ukuthi izosetshenziselwani. Kwenze ngendlela ephambene. Nquma ukuthi yimiphi imibuzo isiteshi okufanele siyiphendule, bese izinsimbi zilandela. Izinga lokushisa nomswakama yibona ababili bokuqala abavamile: kubiza kancane ukubafunda, kulula ukubenza igrafu, futhi bahlobene ngokushesha nempilo yansuku zonke. Ingcindezi yomoya iyiqhawe elithule, ayenzi lutho olukhulu yodwa kodwa ivula ukubikezela okuyisisekelo uma usulandelela ukuthi ishintsha kanjani. Imvula nomoya kunomvuzo kodwa kunemishini, ngakho kubheke njengesigaba sesibili uma uhlangothi lwe-elekthronikhi selizinzile.

Ekwakheni kokuqala ekilasini, hlosa izilinganiso ezintathu ongazethemba kunezinye eziyisikhombisa oziqonda uhhafu. Isiteshi esirekhoda izinga lokushisa, umswakama nengcindezi ngokwethembeka inyanga yonke siyiphrojekthi engcono kunesifunda konke usuku olulodwa bese siphambuka.

Ukukhetha izinzwa zakho

Iziteshi eziningi zezikole zeyame kusethi encane yezingxenye ezibhalwe kahle. Awudingi izinto zaselebhu; udinga izinzwa isilawuli sakho esingazifunda nabafundi bakho abangazixhuma ngaphandle kwezinyembezi.

• Izinga lokushisa nomswakama — inzwa yedijithali ehlanganisiwe (amamojula ajwayelekile ohlobo lwe-DHT) inikeza kokubili ngengxenye eyodwa nangephinikhodi eyodwa yedatha.
• Ingcindezi yomoya — inzwa ye-barometric (uhlobo lwe-BMP) yengeza ingcindezi futhi ngokuvamile inikeze nesibalo sesibili sezinga lokushisa ukuze kuqhathaniswe.
• Ukukhanya — i-light-dependent resistor iyindlela eshibhile yokurekhoda ubude bosuku nokusitheka kwamafu, futhi iyisingeniso esithambile ezibalweni ze-analogue.
• Imvula — isilinganiso sohlobo lwe-tipping-bucket sibala imipulsi; ukuthinta ngakunye kuyivolumu emisiwe, ngakho isofthiwe yenza izibalo.
• Umoya — i-anemometer yesivinini kanye ne-vane yenkomba yizona zingxenye ezinemishini kakhulu neziwa kalula ngaphandle.

Isilawuli esiphakathi sibaluleke njengezinzwa. Ibhodi elinamaphinikhodi anelebula ecacile, elinokufakwayo kwe-analogue nokwedijithali, kanye nendawo yokubhala izinhlelo exolelayo, longa amahora. Ibhodi le-sheenbot∞ esilisebenzisayo ekilasini limboza izinhlobo ezijwayelekile zezinzwa futhi livumela abafundi ukuthi basuke esibalweni esisodwa baye ku-loop yokurekhoda ngesikhathi esibekiwe ngaphandle kokushintsha amathuluzi. Noma yikuphi okukhethayo, thenga izinzwa eziyisipele ezizodwa noma ezimbili kusukela ekuqaleni; i-oda esitolo oyifaka namuhla ishibhile kunesifundo osilahlekelwa ngenxa yengxenye efile ngenyanga ezayo.

Ukubeka indawo: ingxenye abafundi abayeqayo

Inzwa enhle endaweni engafanele inikeza izinombolo ezizethembayo kodwa ezingamanga. Ukubekwa yilapho iphrojekthi yesimo sezulu iba khona isayensi yangempela. Iphutha elivamile yinzwa yezinga lokushisa ebethelwe odongeni lwezitini olushiswa yilanga, ekala udonga, hhayi umoya.

• Beka izinzwa zezinga lokushisa nomswakama emthunzini, lapho umoya uhamba khona ngokukhululekile. Ibhokisi elinamapulangwe avulekile, isikrini se-Stevenson esizenzelwe ekhaya, yisona sixazululo sendabuko.
• Zibophe cishe ezingeni lesifuba, kude netiyela, ukhonkolo nokuphuma komoya kwe-air conditioner okukhipha ukushisa okugciniwe.
• Gcina isilinganiso semvula endaweni evulekile, kude namaphahla nezihlahla elengela phezu kwaso, umphetho waso ulingene.
• Beka izinzwa zomoya ziphakame futhi zivuleleke ngangokunokwenzeka ngaphandle kwengozi; izakhiwo zenza imidwedwe yomoya eyenza izibalo zingasho lutho.
• Hlela ugesi. Njengoba ukucishwa kukagesi kuyinto ejwayelekile empilweni yesikole, isiteshi esisebenza ngebhethri elincane noma esirekhoda kwisitoreji sasendaweni sizohlala isikhathi eside kunesifa njalo uma kucishwa ugesi.

Ukurekhoda nokwakha ideshibhodi

Ukurekhoda kusho nje ukufunda izinzwa ngesikhathi esibekiwe bese ubhala phansi isibalo ngasinye nesitembu sesikhathi. Njalo emizuzwini eyishumi nanhlanu noma engamashumi amathathu kwanele esimweni sezulu, esishintsha kancane. Kunezindlela ezimbili eziqotho zokugcina: bhalela ekhadini le-SD noma kumemori esebhodini bese uyilanda kamuva, noma uthumele isibalo ngasinye nge-WiFi kuspredishithi noma ekhasini elincane lewebhu. Isitoreji sasendaweni siqinile futhi sifundisa ukusingatha amafayela; ukuthumela nge-network kuyathakazelisa kakhulu futhi kufundisa ukuthi idatha ihamba kanjani. Amakilasi amaningi enza okokuqala, bese ethuthela kokwesibili.

Ideshibhodi yilapho izinombolo ziba khona ukuqonda. Ikholomu yezinombolo ayikutsheli lutho; idatha efanayo njengegrafu lomugqa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ikutshela ukuthi usuku lwabanda ngaphambi kwemvula lwabuye lwafudumala emva kwayo. Qala ngespredishithi, abafundi banamathisele irekhodi, benze igrafu lezinga lokushisa ngokumelene nesikhathi, bese bebona iphethini ngokushesha. Iqembu elinamaphupho amakhulu lingakha ikhasi lewebhu elilula elifunda idatha ephilayo bese lidweba amagrafu afanayo ngokuzenzakalelayo. Yenza ideshibhodi lokuqala libe yisicefe futhi lifundeke: amalebula e-axis acacile, amayunithi anengqondo, umugqa owodwa esilinganisweni ngasinye.

Imithetho elula yokubikezela

Ukubikezela kuzwakala kuyingxenye enzima; inguqulo yasekilasini imithetho embalwa yesandla exhunywe kurekhodi lakho lengcindezi. Isignali ewusizo kakhulu ukuthambekela, hhayi inani: ingcindezi eyehla ngokuqhubekayo phakathi namahora ambalwa ivamise ukusho isimo sezulu esingazinzile noma esinemvula esizayo, kanti ukukhuphuka okuqhubekayo kukhomba ukucaca nokuthula. Hlanganisa lokho nomswakama okhuphukayo ngasekuhlweni bese ungenza isinqumo sangempela sekuseni okulandelayo.

Bhala imithetho njengezitatimende ezilula zokuthi uma-khona abafundi abazakhela zona. Uma ingcindezi yehle ngaphezu kwenani elibekiwe kusukela ekuseni namuhla, phawula imvula njengokungenzeka. Ngezinye izikhathi bazobe bengalungile, futhi yikho kanye okuqondiwe: ukuqhathanisa isibikezelo sayizolo nesibhakabhaka sanamuhla yisona sifundo sonke. Njengoba iKapa liphuma ebusika balo obunemvula lingena entwasahlobo, irekhodi lengcindezi linika ikilasi into ephathekayo yokuphikisana ngayo.

Izandiso nomyalezo omkhulu

Uma i-loop eyinhloko isiqinile, izandiso ezimnandi zishibhile. Yengeza isexwayiso: i-buzzer noma i-LED evutha uma kudlulwa umkhawulo weqhwa, noma isignali uma imvula itholakala okokuqala. Qhathanisa isiteshi sakho nerekhodi elisemthethweni le-South African Weather Service losuku olufanayo, bese nixoxa ngokuthi kungani uphahla lwesikole nomgwaqo wezindiza wenkundla yezindiza kungavumelani. Faka izinombolo emncintiswaneni wekilasi, noma unikeze isiteshi esiqediwe iqembu lonyaka ozayo njengesethi yedatha eqhubekayo.

Yakha okuncane, ubeke izinzwa ngokucophelela, urekhode ngokwethembeka, bese uvumela igrafu lifundise. Isiteshi sesimo sezulu singenye yamaphrojekthi ambalwa aqhubeka enikeza idatha isikhathi eside ngemva kokuba amamaki esefakiwe. Uma ufuna abafundi bakhe esinye ngesiqondiso, amawekhishophu amaholide ethu namakilasi aviki nonke enza amaphrojekthi anesimo esifana ncamashi nalesi, futhi ungabuka eminye imibhalo yokwakha egumbini lezindaba.

Imibuzo evame ukubuzwa

Iyiphi ikhithi encane kakhulu edingekayo esiteshini sokuqala sesimo sezulu?

Ibhodi le-microcontroller, inzwa ehlanganisiwe yezinga lokushisa nomswakama, indlela yokugcina noma yokuthumela izibalo, kanye nendlela yokwenza ngazo igrafu. Konke okunye, ingcindezi, imvula nomoya, kuwukuthuthukiswa okwengezayo uma leyo loop eyinhloko isisebenza yodwa iviki lonke.

Isiteshi kufanele sithathe isibalo kangaki?

Njalo emizuzwini eyishumi nanhlanu kuya kwengamashumi amathathu kufanele isimo sezulu, esishintsha kancane, futhi kugcina irekhodi lincane ngokwanele ukuze kube lula ukwenza igrafu. Uma ulandela umcimbi osheshayo njengesiphepho esidlulayo, yehlisela esibalweni njalo ngomzuzu ngaleso sikhathi, bese ubuyela esigqini esihamba kancane.