Kungani i-TDS yamanzi ompompi ifundeka ku-400 PPM ungakafaki izakhi zokudla — nokuthi ungakulungisa kanjani
Ukufundeka kwe-400 PPM emanzini ompompi kuvela emamineralini kamasipala ancibilikile njengekhalsiyamu, imagnesiyamu namakhabhoneti. Nakhu ongasilungisa ngakho isilinganiso sezakhi zokudla ohlelweni lwe-hydroponics lwasekilasini ngaphandle kokuthenga isihlungi se-reverse osmosis.
Uma amanzi ompompi efundeka ku-400 PPM (izingxenye ngesigidi), kusho ukuthi amanzi kamasipala eniwathola asethwele umthwalo osindayo wamaminerali ancibilikile—ikakhulukazi ikhalsiyamu, imagnesiyamu, ama-bicarbonate, ama-sulfate nesodiyamu. Imitha yakho ye-Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) ayikwazi ukwehlukanisa phakathi kwe-nitrogen isitshalo esingayisebenzisa ne-limescale yamanzi ompompi; ilinganisa nje ukuhambisa kukagesi (EC) bese ikuguqula kube isisindo esilinganiselwe.
Uma ulandela ngokungabuzi amashadi okondla ajwayelekile enzelwe amanzi amsulwa, lokhu kufundeka okuphezulu kwezinga eliyisisekelo kuzoholela nokho ezithombeni ezingondlekile eziphenduka ziphuzi noma ebuthini obudlulele bukasawoti. Awudingi uhlelo lwe-reverse osmosis (RO) olubiza izinkulungwane zamarandi ukuze uxazulule lokhu esikoleni. Okudingekayo ukulungisa izibalo zakho nendlela olandelana ngayo uma uxuba.
Yini ngempela le-400 PPM eyilinganisayo
Amapeni e-TDS awazibali izinhlayiya. Alinganisa ukugeleza kukagesi phakathi kwama-electrode amabili (nge-microSiemens ngesentimitha, noma µS/cm) bese ephindaphinda leso sibalo ngesilinganiso sokuguqula—imvamisa u-0.5 (isikali se-500/NaCl) noma u-0.7 (isikali se-442/Truncheon). Ukufundeka kwe-400 PPM esikalini esijwayelekile sika-0.5 kumelela i-EC eyisisekelo engu-0.8 mS/cm.
Ezindaweni eziningi zaseNingizimu Afrika—ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezingaphakathi ezikha emithonjeni yamanzi ye-dolomite, noma emanethiwekhini asogwini axuba amanzi omthombo ngezikhathi zomile—leyo 0.8 EC yakhiwe yilokhu:
- Amakhabhoneti ekhalsiyamu nemagnesiyamu: Yiwo adala ikakhulu ubulukhuni bamaminerali ne-pH ephezulu eyisisekelo (imvamisa iphakathi kuka-7.8 no-8.4).
- Isodiyamu namakhloride: Usawoti osalayo ovela ekwelashweni kwamanzi nasezingqimbeni zomhlaba, izitshalo ezidla kuwo ngamanani amancane kakhulu kuphela.
- Ama-bicarbonate: Izinhlanganisela zemvelo ezisekelayo ezibulala amandla e-asidi futhi zimelane nemizamo yakho yokwehlisa i-pH yethangi.
Izicupho ezimbili zasekilasini
Uma othisha behlangabezana namanzi ompompi angu-400 PPM, imvamisa benza elilodwa emaphutheni amabili uma belandela iresiphi ejwayelekile ye-hydroponic (njengokuhlosa u-800 PPM wemifino enamaqabunga):
1. Isicupho sokuhlanjululwa (ukondla okunganele)
Uthisha ufaka umuthi ohlanganisiwe wezakhi zokudla kuze kufundeke u-800 PPM kumitha. Ngoba amanzi ompompi ayesenikele ngo-400 PPM, ufake u-400 PPM kuphela womanyolo wangempela olinganiselwe. Uhhafu wezinto ezincibilikile ethangini ngamaminerali ompompi angacwengiwe kunokuba kube i-nitrogen, i-potassium ne-phosphorus izitshalo ezizidingayo. Umphumela: ukukhula okuncane, amaqabunga aphaphathekile nezimpande ezingakhuli kahle.
2. Isicupho sophahla (ukushiswa usawoti)
Uthisha ufaka isilinganiso esigcwele esinconyiwe (isibonelo, u-+800 PPM wezakhi zokudla) ngqo phezu kwesisekelo esingu-400 PPM, aqhubekele isamba ku-1,200 PPM. Nakuba izitshalo esezikhulile ezithela izithelo njengotamatisi zikwazi ukubekezelela ukuhambisa kukagesi okuphezulu, ulethisi osemusha noma amakhambi ekilasini elifudumele kuzohlushwa ukucindezeleka kwe-osmosis. Izimpande zisebenza kanzima ukudonsa amanzi zimelene nengcindezi ephezulu ye-osmosis engaphandle, okuholela ekushweni kwezihloko zamaqabunga nasekubuneni ngamahora ashisa kakhulu osuku.
Indlela yokufaka izakhi zokudla emanzini angu-400 PPM ngaphandle kwe-reverse osmosis
Ukuhlunga nge-reverse osmosis akuvamisile ukusebenza ezikoleni. Amayunithi e-RO asekhaya achitha amalitha amathathu kuya kwamane amanzi kulo lonke ilitha eliwacwengile, adinga ingcindezi eqhubekayo yomugqa omkhulu wamanzi, futhi adinga ukushintshwa njalo kwezihlungi izabelomali zokusebenza zesikole ezingavamisile ukuzikhokhela. Esikhundleni salokho, phatha amanzi akho anezinga eliphezulu le-TDS usebenzisa lo mgomo wezinyathelo ezinhlanu.
Isinyathelo 1: Suka ku-TDS oyihlosile uye ku-"EC eyengeziwe"
Yeka ukulinganisa i-TDS iyonke ngokumelene nezinhloso zamashadi ajwayelekile. Esikhundleni salokho, thatha amanzi akho ompompi njengesisekelo esingenalutho sezakhi zokudla ezinkulu, kodwa ulinganise umehluko (i-EC eyengeziwe):
| Uhlobo lwesitshalo | I-EC eyisisekelo yamanzi ompompi | I-EC yezakhi zokudla ozoyifaka | I-EC yonke yokugcina oyihlosile |
|---|---|---|---|
| Izithombo / Ama-microgreens | 0.8 mS/cm (400 PPM) | + 0.4 mS/cm (200 PPM) | 1.2 mS/cm (600 PPM) |
| Imifino enamaqabunga / Amakhambi | 0.8 mS/cm (400 PPM) | + 0.8 mS/cm (400 PPM) | 1.6 mS/cm (800 PPM) |
| Izitshalo ezithelayo (isigaba sokuthela) | 0.8 mS/cm (400 PPM) | + 1.4 mS/cm (700 PPM) | 2.2 mS/cm (1,100 PPM) |
Isinyathelo 2: Yehlisa i-alkalinity ngaphambi kokufaka izakhi zokudla
Amanzi kamasipala ane-TDS ephezulu ngokuvamile aqukethe ama-bicarbonate amaningi, adonsela i-pH ngaphezu kuka-8.0. Uma ufaka izakhi zokudla ezihlanganisiwe ngqo emanzini alukhuni ane-pH ephezulu, ikhalsiyamu ne-phosphorus kuzobambana kuwele phansi njengodaka olungancibiliki ekugcineni kwethangi lakho.
- Gcwalisa ithangi lakho bese ulishiya lingavaliwe amahora angu-24 ukuze i-chlorine engazinzile iphume.
- Faka i-phosphoric acid ehlanjululiwe noma i-nitric acid (i-pH Down) ngamanani amancane kuze kwehle amanzi afike ku-pH 6.0–6.2.
- Linda imizuzu engu-30 ukuze i-asidi isabele namakhabhoneti ngaphambi kokufaka umanyolo wakho.
Isinyathelo 3: Bala ikhalsiyamu nemagnesiyamu esevele ikhona
Uma amanzi akho omthombo enobulukhuni obuphezulu bamaminerali, izitshalo zakho zivele zithola ikhalsiyamu (Ca) nemagnesiyamu (Mg) encibilikile njalo. Uma uxuba usawoti owomile kusukela ekuqaleni, ngokuvamile ungayehlisa ingxenye ye-Calcium Nitrate ne-Magnesium Sulphate (usawoti we-Epsom) yeresiphi ngo-15% kuya ku-25%, uvule indawo yokwengeza i-Potassium Nitrate ne-Mono-Potassium Phosphate ngaphandle kokukhuphula i-EC iyonke.
Uma usebenzisa ukudla okuwuketshezi okusevele kuxutshiwe okuyizingxenye ezimbili, khetha ifomula ye-"Hard Water" uma itholakala, noma nje usebenzise u-80% wesilinganiso esijwayelekile esinconyiwe ngenkathi uqapha umbala wamaqabunga.
Isinyathelo 4: Nciphisa isikhathi phakathi kokuchitha ithangi
Ohlelweni oluphindaphinda amanzi (i-NFT noma i-Dutch bucket), izitshalo zikhipha amanzi amsulwa ngamaqabunga zibe zimunca ama-ion azikhethelayo. Izakhi isitshalo esizisebenzisa kancane—njengesodiyamu ne-chloride evela emanzini ompompi—zisala ethangini.
Uma ugcina nje ugcwalisa ithangi ngamanzi ompompi angu-400 PPM nezakhi zokudla ezintsha, lowo sawoti ongabalulekile uzoqongelelana ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ithangi eliqala esisekelweni esingu-400 PPM lingadlula kalula ku-900 PPM ngemuva kwamasonto amabili okugcwalisa. Ukuvimbela lokhu, chitha ithangi ngokuphelele bese uligcwalisa kabusha njalo ngemuva kwezinsuku eziyi-10 kuya kwezingu-14 kunokuba uqhubeke nokugcwalisa njalo.
Ukwakha ukuqina ezinhlelweni zasekilasini
Ukusebenza namanzi kamasipala angempela kungesinye sezifundo zesayensi esetshenziswayo eziwusizo kakhulu umshini we-hydroponics owunikezayo. Kuguqula umsebenzi olula wokulima kube yikhemistri esebenzayo, kubonisa ukuqongelelana kwama-ion, ukulingana kwe-osmosis nokuqondiswa kwezinzwa. Uma uklama noma uxazulula izinkinga zezinhlelo zasekilasini, amakhithi nezinzwa ze-hydroponic zethu ezikhethekile zifaka izinsimbi ze-EC neze-pH eziqondisiwe ezisethwe ngqo ukuze zibhekane ngokwethembekile nezisekelo ezinamaminerali amaningi.
