Ilanga lingawanika amandla uhlelo oluncane lokutshala lwasekilasini, futhi lokho kwenza isifundo esihle njengoba kwenzeka. Kodwa impendulo eqotho ezikoleni eziningi ukuthi iplaki elivamile elisodongeni, elisekelwa yibhethri elincane, lishibhile, lilula futhi lithembeka ngokufanayo. Ilanga lifanelwa yindawo yalo uma ufuna uhlelo lokutshala luqhubeke lusebenza ngokwalo ngesikhathi sokucishwa kukagesi, noma uma inhloso yalo msebenzi kuwukufundisa ngamandla avuselelekayo. Lo mhlahlandlela ubheka umthwalo kagesi, ukulinganisa usayizi, ukuphepha nokulinganisa izindleko ukuze ukwazi ukukhetha indlela efanele.

Thola ukuthi uhlelo lwakho lokutshala ludonsa amandla amangakanani ngempela

Ngaphambi kokuba ulinganise usayizi wanoma yiliphi iphaneli, hlanganisa umthwalo. Umshini omncane we-hydroponic wasekilasini unezinto ezintathu: iphampu yamanzi ejikelezisa amanzi anezakhi zokudla, iphampu yomoya efaka umoya-mpilo kuwo (akuzona zonke izinhlelo ezisebenzisa yona), nelambu lokukhulisa izitshalo. Amaphampu mancane, imvamisa angamawatt ambalwa ngalinye. Ilambu cishe njalo yilo umthwalo omkhulu, futhi yilo ingxenye enquma sonke isabelomali sakho samandla.

Guqula umthwalo ngamunye ube ngamawatt-hours ngosuku ngokuphindaphinda amawatt awo ngamahora asebenza ngawo. Iphampu engu-5 W esebenza usuku lonke isebenzisa cishe u-120 Wh ngosuku. Ilambu le-LED lokukhulisa elingu-30 W elivulwe amahora angu-14 lisebenzisa cishe u-420 Wh. Hlanganisa lezo zibalo bese uhlelo olunetreyi eyodwa lufika cishe kuhhafu we-kilowatt-hour ngosuku. Yileso sibalo, hhayi usayizi wephaneli, oklamela sona ngempela.

Linganisela ubusika, hhayi ihlobo

Okukhiqizwa yilanga kuxhomeke emahoreni lapho ilanga liqine khona, futhi eKapa lawo mahora ambalwa kakhulu ebusika, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi izinsuku ezimfushane ezinamafu zikulinga ukuthi uvule ilambu isikhathi eside. Uma ulinganisela amaphaneli usuku olukhanyayo lukaFebhuwari ntambama, azophelelwa ngoJuni. Kunalokho, linganisela inyanga embi kunazo zonke.

Sebenza ngayo ngokulandelana:

1. Hlanganisa ama-watt-hours akho ansuku zonke asuselwa emithwalweni engenhla.
2. Hlukanisa ngamahora elanga aqinile abusika angokoqobo (hlelela amathathu kuya kwamane, hhayi amahlanu noma ayisithupha ehlobo) ukuthola amawatt ephaneli, bese wengeza cishe u-30% ngenxa yokulahleka kwamandla ezintanjeni, kumlawuli wokushaja nasebhethrini.
3. Linganisela ibhethri ukuze likwazi ukuthwala ilambu nephampu ubusuku bonke kanye nosuku olulodwa olunamafu, futhi ungahleli ukulikhipha wonke amandla. Amabhethri e-lead-acid nawe-AGM awakuthandi ukwehla ngaphansi kwacishe uhhafu; awe-lithium angehla ashone phansi.
4. Khuphula zonke izibalo. Iphaneli nebhethri elikhudlwana kubiza kancane ngaphezulu kodwa kukusindisa ohlelweni olufile ngesonto elimnyama kunawo wonke onyakeni.

Ibhethri limayelana nokucishwa kukagesi ngempela

Emakilasini amaningi inzuzo yangempela yebhethri akukhona ukuphila ngokuphelele ungaxhunyiwe kugridi. Kuwukudlula esikhathini sokucishwa kukagesi, imvamisa amahora ambalwa, ukuze iphampu iqhubeke iyisa amanzi nomoya-mpilo ezimpandeni. Uhlelo oluphindaphinda amanzi olumelayo amahora amabili luyingozi enkulu kunelambu elicima isikhathi esifanayo. Izitshalo zibekezelela isikhathi esifushane zingenakukhanya kangcono kakhulu kunezimpande ezibekezelela amanzi angahambi.

Lokho kuguqula wonke umqondo walo msebenzi. Akudingeki ngempela ukuthi uzikhiqizele wonke amandla akho. Okudingayo amandla agciniwe anele ukuze iphampu iqhubeke isebenza uma ugesi kagridi uhamba. Ibhethri elincane elisechajeni exhunywe kugesi kamasipala, noma i-UPS eshibhile, kwenza lokho ngengxenye encane yezindleko zamaphaneli elanga aphelele.

Izisekelo zokuphepha

Amanzi nogesi babelana ngethebula lapha, ngakho gcina izintambo zilula futhi zisebenze ngevolthi ephansi. Imithetho embalwa ihlanganisa okuningi kwakho:

• Sebenzisa uhlelo ku-5 V noma ku-12 V lapho ungakwazi khona, futhi ugcine amaplaki kagesi omkhulu, amapulaki nezintambo zokwelula kude kakhulu nethangi.
• Faka i-fuse eduze nebhethri, futhi ngaso sonke isikhathi ubeke umlawuli wokushaja ofanele phakathi kwephaneli yelanga nebhethri.
• Sebenzisa amabhethri e-AGM avaliwe noma awe-LiFePO4 ekilasini, ungalokothi usebenzise awe-lead-acid avulekile, angakhipha igesi achithe ne-asidi.
• Nika yonke intambo indingilizi yokuconsa ukuze amanzi ehle kunokuba abuyele kumxhumanisi, futhi uhlele izintambo ukuze kungabikho okhubekayo.
• Vumela umuntu omdala aphathe zonke izintambo eziya kuphaneli nakubhethri; abafundi bangakha uhlangothi lwezinzwa nolwephampu olusebenza ngevolthi ephansi.

Uma ugesi kamasipala kanye ne-UPS kuwukuthenga okuhlakaniphile

Uma ikilasi lakho selinaplaki elisodongeni eduze netafula lokutshala, yenza izibalo ngaphambi kokuthenga iphaneli eyodwa nje. Uhlelo lonke ludonsa amandla acishe alingane nalawo ebhalbhu, ngakho i-UPS encane noma ibhethri le-12 V elishajwa kancane lizoludlulisa ekucimeni kukagesi okuvamile ngemali encane kakhulu kunohlelo lwelanga. Lindela ukuthi iphaneli, umlawuli wokushaja nebhethri kwesakhiwo sonke selanga kubize kakhulu kunomshini wokutshala okunika amandla.

Ukusebenzisa ilanga ngokugcwele kuba yisinqumo esifanele ezimweni ezintathu: alikho iplaki elilula ukulifinyelela, ufuna umshini ophathekayo ongawuyisa ngaphandle noma kwelinye ikamelo, noma ukufundisa ngamandla elanga kuyinhloso ngokwakho. Uma kungekho okusebenzayo kulokho, ugesi kamasipala kanye nebhethri elincane lokusekela kuvamise ukuba ukuthenga okunengqondo, futhi usengangeza iphaneli eyodwa yokubonisa kamuva ukuze ufundise umqondo.

Yenza uhlelo lwamandla lube yisifundo

Noma ngabe ukhetha yiphi indlela, ugesi uyithuba lokufundisa elihle kakhulu ukuba lifihlwe ngaphakathi kwepulaki. Xhuma iphampu nelambu ngebhodi bese uvumela abafundi barekhode okwenzekayo: ivolthi yephaneli, izinga lebhethri, ukuthi iphampu ivuliwe yini, nezinga lokushisa lamanzi. Ibhodi elifana ne-sheenbot∞ lingavula iphampu ngesikhathi esimisiwe, lifunde inzwa yezinga futhi lirekhode izibalo, ukuze amandla angabe esaba yinto engabambekiyo abe yigrafu ikilasi elingaphikisana ngayo.

Lokho kuguqula ishelufu lokutshala libe umsebenzi wethemu owelamana nezifundo eziningi: ukulinganisa ama-watt-hours kwizibalo, ibhayoloji yezitshalo kusayensi, nokubhalwa kwekhodi okuhlanganisa konke. Uma ufuna ukukubona kusebenza ngaphambi kokuzibophezela, bhukha isifundo sokuzama samahhala e-akhademi yethu yaseKapa, futhi amabhodi, izinzwa namaphampu akhona esitolo.

Okufushane

Qala ngokuhlanganisa umthwalo wephampu newelambu, ulinganisele noma yiluphi uhlelo lwelanga ubusika kunehlobo, futhi ukhumbule ukuthi ibhethri lizizuzela indawo ikakhulu ngokusinda ekucishweni kukagesi. Ekilasini elinaplaki elisodongeni, ugesi kamasipala kanye ne-UPS encane kuvamise ukushibha nokuba lula kunokuya ngokugcwele elangeni. Gcinela amaphaneli aphelele lapho ukuzimela ngamandla, ukuphatheka, noma ukufundisa ngelanga ngokwalo kuyinhloso yangempela.

Imibuzo evamile

Ingabe iphaneli elilodwa lelanga lingasebenzisa kokubili ilambu lokutshala nephampu?

Ngokuvamile yebo ohlelweni olunetreyi eyodwa, inqobo nje uma ufaka nebhethri. Iphaneli lishaja ibhethri emini, bese ibhethri lisebenzisa ilambu nephampu, kuhlanganise nasebusuku nangezikhathi zamafu. Iphaneli lodwa, lingenabhethri, liyama ngesikhathi kudlula ifu, ngakho ibhethri akulona okukhethwa ngokuthanda.

Ingabe izitshalo zizofa ngesikhathi sokucishwa kukagesi?

Hhayi ngenxa yokucima kukagesi kwamahora amabili. Ukucima kwelambu isikhashana akuyona inkinga. Ingozi enkulu ukuma kwephampu ohlelweni oluphindaphinda amanzi, ngakho uma usekela into eyodwa kuphela, sekela iphampu.