I-Scratch, i-Blockly ne-MakeCode zonke ziwuhlobo lwamathuluzi okubhala ikhodi ngamabhulokhi: ingane yakho ihudula amabhulokhi afana nezingcezu zephazili iwahlanganise esikhundleni sokuthayipha imigqa yombhalo. Umehluko usekutheni ngayinye yakhelwe ukwenzani. I-Scratch igxile ezindabeni nasemidlalweni esesikrinini, i-MakeCode igxile emabhodini abambekayo nasezinzweni, kanti i-Blockly yinjini okwakhelwe phezu kwayo abanye abahleli bamabhulokhi abaningi. Uma usuyazi inhloso, ukukhetha kuba lula.

I-Scratch: yakhelwe izindaba, imidlalo nopopayi

I-Scratch, evela e-MIT, yilapho izingane eziningi ziqala khona. Amabhulokhi alawula ama-sprite esiteji, ngakho ingane ingahambisa umlingiswa, idlale umsindo, noma igcine amaphuzu. Ngaphansi kwalokho ifundisa imiqondo yangempela ehlanganyelwa yizo zonke izilimi zekhompyutha: ama-loop, izenzakalo, okuguqukayo nemibandela. Akukho okumele ukuthenge futhi akukho okumele ukufake, ngoba isebenza kusiphequluli.

Uma kufunwa ukunambitheka kokuqala kokubhala ikhodi, cishe kubantwana abaneminyaka engu-8 kuya ku-12, i-Scratch kunzima ukuyedlula. Okulahlekayo ukuthi i-Scratch ihlala esikrinini. Ngeke iqhube i-motor noma ifunde inzwa yezinga lokushisa, ngakho ayifaneleki uma inhloso kungamarobhothi.

I-Blockly: yinjini, hhayi uhlelo lokusebenza

I-Blockly iyilabhulali ye-Google yokwakha abahleli bamabhulokhi. Ngokwayo ayiwona umkhiqizo ingane ehlala phansi iwusebenzise. Iyisethi yamathuluzi abathuthukisi abayisebenzisayo ukwakha owodwa. Iningi lezixhumi zamabhulokhi ohlangana nazo, kuhlanganise namathuluzi amaningi ehadiwe nawasekilasini, ngaphansi yi-Blockly.

Kungani lokhu kubalulekile kumzali? Ngoba ukwazi ukuthi ithuluzi "lisebenzisa i-Blockly" kukutshela ukuthi libukeka futhi lizwakala kanjani (uhudula amabhulokhi), kodwa akukutsheli inhloso yalo. Amathuluzi amabili asekelwe ku-Blockly angenza imisebenzi ehluke ngokuphelele, elinye lenza opopayi elinye lilawula ingalo yerobhothi. Yahlulela ithuluzi ngalokho eligxile kukho, hhayi ngenjini elisebenza ngayo.

I-MakeCode: amabhulokhi akhuluma nehadiwe

I-MakeCode, evela ku-Microsoft, ixhuma amabhulokhi kumadivayisi abambekayo: amabhodi amancane e-microcontroller anama-LED, izinkinobho nezinzwa. Wakha uhlelo ngamabhulokhi, bese uluflasha ebhodini elisebenza lodwa, likude nekhompyutha. Isikhathi esiningi futhi livumela ingane yakho ukushintshanisa phakathi kwamabhulokhi nombhalo, imvamisa i-JavaScript noma i-Python, okulenza libe yibhuloho elingokwemvelo njengoba ikhula. Yilesi sigaba esibalulekile uma inhloso kungamarobhothi kunopopayi.

Ibhodi lethu i-sheenbot∞ likulesi sigaba. Ungalibhalela ikhodi yamabhulokhi bese ubuka lisebenza kusilingisi sesiphequluli ngaphambi kokuthinta noma yiluphi uhadiwe, okusiza kakhulu uma idatha noma amadivayisi kumbalwa. Zama i-canvas yamabhulokhi ukuze ubone ukuthi amabhulokhi e-physical computing aziphatha kanjani ebhodini elilingiswayo.

Khetha ngenhloso, hhayi ngegama lomkhiqizo

Igama lomkhiqizo alibalulekile njengokuthi ithuluzi liyafaneleka yini. Zontathu zifundisa imiqondo eyisisekelo efanayo, ngakho ingane efunda ama-loop ku-Scratch iwaqonda kakade ama-loop ku-MakeCode. Fanisa ithuluzi nalokho ingane yakho efuna ngempela ukukwakha:

• Inhloso izindaba, imidlalo noma ubuciko: qala nge-Scratch.
• Inhloso amarobhothi, izinzwa noma izinto ezigqokwayo: sebenzisa umhleli wehadiwe ofana ne-MakeCode, noma ikhodi yamabhulokhi yebhodi le-sheenbot∞.
• Ingane isilungele umbhalo: khetha ithuluzi elibonisa amabhulokhi ne-JavaScript noma i-Python eceleni komunye nomunye.
• Isabelomali sincane: qala esikrinini, ngoba izilingisi azibizi lutho futhi zifundisa umqondo ofanayo.
• Ngaphansi kweminyaka engu-8: qala ngamabhulokhi alula asebenzisa izithonjana ngaphambi kokungena ngokugcwele ku-Scratch.

Okusalayo

Ungazikhathazi kakhulu ngokuthi yiliphi ithuluzi lamabhulokhi "elingcono kunawo wonke". Fanisa ithuluzi nalokho ingane yakho efuna ukukwakha, uyivumele ishintshe phakathi kwamathuluzi njengoba izinhloso zayo zishintsha. Amakhono ayadluliseleka, ngakho akukho okumoshekayo. Uma ufuna ukuqala okuqondisiwe, i-akhademi yethu inamakilasi okubhala ikhodi ngamabhulokhi eKapa, futhi ungabhukha isifundo sokuzama samahhala ukuze ubone ukuthi yisiphi isitayela esifanele ingane yakho ngaphambi kokuzibophezela.