Kafushane

• Amakhithi yiyona ndleko ebonakalayo. Izinhlaka ezifihlakele - izipele, ukushaja, ukugcinwa kwempahla, ukuqeqeshwa kothisha kanye nemali eyisipele yezimo ezingalindelekile - yizona ezinquma ukuthi ilebhu isasebenza yini ngonyaka wesibili.
• Bekela izipele nezinto eziphelayo cishe u-10 kuya ku-15% wemali oyisebenzisa emakhithini minyaka yonke, futhi ugodle u-5 kuya ku-10% wezimo ezingalindelekile.
• Yakha ngezigaba eminyakeni emithathu: qala ngeseti eyodwa yekilasi, wandise kuze kugcwale lonke uhlelo lwesikhathi, bese ujulisa ngamaphrojekthi nemincintiswano.
• Khetha ipulatifomu eyodwa eqinile uyisebenzise yonke indawo ukuze izipele, ukuqeqeshwa nokuhlelwa kwezifundo kuhlale kulula.
• Izibonelelo nobambiswano kungayikhokhela impahla ebambekayo, kodwa hlela izindleko zokusebenza esabelweni sakho sesikole kusukela ekuqaleni.

Ilebhu yamarobhothi esikoleni ibiza okungaphezu kwebhokisi lamakhithi, futhi izikole ezigcina zibhajiwe imvamisa yilezo ezabekela ibhokisi kuphela. Kufika iseti yekilasi, ithemu yokuqala ihambe kahle, bese kufa amamotho ambalwa, kunyamalale ishaja, uthisha oyedwa oqeqeshiwe ashiye isikole, bese itroli ligcina lisegumbini lokugcina impahla. Isixazululo akuyona imali eyengeziwe. Yisabelomali esibala zonke izinhlaka zangempela kusengaphambili futhi sisabalalise ukusetshenziswa kwemali eminyakeni embalwa. Lo mhlahlandlela uhamba nazo lezo zinhlaka, ukunika uhlelo oluzwakalayo lokuthenga, futhi uchaza nokuthi ungayithola kanjani imali.

Qala ngenhloso yokufundisa, hhayi ngohlu lokuthenga

Ngaphambi kokubheka amanani, bhala phansi ukuthi ufuna abafundi bakwazi ukwenzani ekupheleni konyaka, nokuthi mangaki amakilasi azolisebenzisa ngempela leli gumbi masonto onke. Ilebhu esebenzela iklabhu eyodwa yokwengeza ulwazi idinga okuncane kakhulu kunaleyo ephethe izifundo zamabanga amathathu asehlelweni lwesikhathi. Leso sinqumo esisodwa - inani labasebenzisi ngasikhathi sinye - yisona esinquma ubukhulu beseti yakho yekilasi, bese iseti yekilasi inquma cishe konke okunye.

Iyunithi elisebenzayo lokuhlela yiqoqo elincane: abafundi ababili kuya kwabathathu abasebenzisa ikhithi elilodwa. Ekilasini labafundi abangamashumi amathathu lokho kusho cishe amakhithi ayishumi kuya kwayishumi nanhlanu esifundweni ngasinye. Uma amabanga amabili esebenzisa leli gumbi ngezinsuku ezishintshanayo, iseti eyodwa yekilasi isengasebenzela womabili, inqobo nje uma indawo yakho yokugcina neyokushaja ikwazi ukulungisa amakhithi phakathi kwezifundo. Uma isilinganiso sabafundi ngekhithi silungile, sonke esinye isabelomali sizizihlelela.

Izinhlaka zangempela zesabelomali (lokho amaqembu akukhohlwayo)

Nakhu ukwehlukaniswa okuqotho. Amaphesenti angezansi ayizilinganiso zokuhlela zesabelomali sonyaka wokuqala, akuwona amanani amisiwe - ayashintsha ngokuya ngomthengisi wakho nangempahla esikole sakho esesinayo, kodwa isimo sihlala sifana.

Uhlaka lwezindleko	Isilinganiso sonyaka wokuqala	Kuyaphindaphindeka?	Lokho amaqembu akweyisayo
Amakhithi (iseti yekilasi)	Uhlaka olukhulu kunazo zonke	Cha, kodwa ashintshwa ngemijikelezo	Ukuthenga ambalwa kakhulu ukuze ikilasi eligcwele lisebenze ngeqoqo elilodwa ngeqembu ngalinye
Izipele nezinto eziphelayo	U-10 kuya ku-15% wemali yamakhithi	Yebo, minyaka yonke	Izintambo, amasondo, izinzwa namabhethri yizona ezifa kuqala; ngaphandle kwezipele ikhithi lonke lifile
Ukugcinwa nokushajwa	Kuncane kodwa kubalulekile	Ikakhulukazi kwenziwa kanye	Itroli lokushaja noma amabhokisi anamalebula; amabhethri afile abulala isifundo ngokushesha okwedlula noma yini
Ifenisha nokuhlelwa kwegumbi	Imvamisa isivele ikhona	Kwenziwa kanye	Amatafula aqinile, amaphuzu kagesi, nendawo phansi yokuthi amarobhothi akwazi ukuhamba ngempela
Ukuqeqeshwa kothisha	Kwenziwa kanye kube nokuvuselelwa	Ngokwengxenye	Yilo olunqunywa kakhulu futhi olushodayo kakhulu; uthisha ongaqeqeshiwe ngeke alisebenzise ikhithi
Isofthiwe nekharikhulamu	Iphansi uma isebenzela kusiphequluli	Ngezinye izikhathi	Izicupho zamalayisensi; ama-simulator amahhala angamboza okuningi kwalokhu
Imali yezimo ezingalindelekile	U-5 kuya ku-10%	Yebo	Ukwephuka kwezinto ethemu yokuqala, ukushintsha kwentengo, ikhithi elilodwa elengeziwe

Amakhithi nomjikelezo wokuwashintsha

Amakhithi yiwona nombolo esemagameni amakhulu, kodwa wathathe njengempahla eyehlelwa yinani, hhayi njengokuthenga kwakanye. Impahla ebambekayo yamarobhothi esetshenziswa nsuku zonke esikoleni ihlala iminyaka emithathu kuya kwemine ngaphambi kokuba kufe izingxenye eziningi kangangokuthi ukuvuselela konke sekushibhile kunokulungisa okuncane ngokuncane. Beka eceleni imali encane unyaka nonyaka ukuze ukushintshwa kube yinto ehleliwe, hhayi inkinga ephuthumayo. Ukuthenga iseti yekilasi enkudlwana kunaleyo oyidingayo ngosuku lokuqala imvamisa kushibhile kunokwengeza kamuva, ngoba ugcina isitoko esifanayo nesilungisekayo.

Izipele aziyona into yokuzikhethela

Yilolu uhlaka izikole ezilunquma bese ziyazisola. Intambo eyodwa esidlekile noma inzwa efile yenza ikhithi elisebenzayo libe yinto engenamsebenzi, futhi ikilasi labafundi abangamashumi amathathu likubona ngaso leso sikhathi. Bekela izipele cishe u-10 kuya ku-15% wentengo yamakhithi minyaka yonke, ugxile ezingxenyeni ezifa kakhulu: amabhethri, izintambo, amasondo nezinzwa abafundi abazibamba kakhulu. Zigcine egumbini, zinamalebula, ukuze ukushintsha kuthathe imizuzwana futhi isifundo siqhubeke.

Ukushaja nokugcinwa kwempahla

Amabhethri afile onakalisa izifundo zamarobhothi eziningi kunekhodi ephukile. Nquma kusenesikhathi ukuthi amakhithi ashajwa kanjani phakathi kwamakilasi: itroli lokushaja, ishelufu elinezikhala ezinamalebula, noma uhlelo olulula lokushintshana. Ezimweni zokucinywa kukagesi lokhu kubaluleke nakakhulu, ngakho shaja ngohlelo olucabangela ukuthi ugesi ngeke uhlale ukhona. Indawo yokugcina kufanele ivumele uthisha oyedwa abeke amakhithi angamashumi amathathu emizuzwini embalwa, ngoba igumbi elithatha imizuzu engamashumi amabili ukulilungisa lizogcina lingasasetshenziswa.

Ukuqeqeshwa yilona hlaka olusindisa ilebhu

Impahla ebambekayo ngaphandle kothisha onokuzethemba yiyona ndlela evamile yokuhluleka. Bekela imali yokuqeqeshwa kwangempela kwabasebenzi okungenani ababili, hhayi oyedwa, ukuze ukwesula komuntu oyedwa kungaluqedi uhlelo. I-workshop emfushane, ehlelekile, kanye nokuvuselelwa kokulandelela phakathi nonyaka kwanele ukwenza othisha abaningi bakwazi ukuqhuba izifundo ngokuzimela. Uma uhlela lolu hlaka, ama-workshop amaholide ethu ayindlela eyodwa yokwakha ukuzethemba kwabasebenzi ngaphambi kokuba amakhithi afike ekilasini.

Uhlelo lweminyaka emithathu olungezigaba

Awuyidingi ilebhu ephelele ngonyaka wokuqala. Ukwenza ngezigaba kusabalalisa izindleko, kukuvumela ukuthi ufunde ukuthi abafundi bakho basabela kuphi, futhi kukunika imiphumela ongayikhombisa abaxhasi ngaphambi kokucela okwengeziwe.

Unyaka wokuqala: ukuhlola

Thenga iseti eyodwa yekilasi, izipele, izinto zokushaja nezokugcina impahla, bese uqeqesha othisha ababili. Yisebenzise nebanga elilodwa noma amabili. Gcina umsebenzi umncane futhi ukunqoba kubonakale: irobhothi elilandela umugqa elisebenzayo, iphrojekthi elula yenzwa, nomboniso ngosuku lwezivakashi. Inhloso wubufakazi bokuthi igumbi liyasetshenziswa nokuthi abafundi bayathuthuka.

Unyaka wesibili: ukwandisa

Yengeza amakhithi ukuze iqembu lesibili likwazi ukwenza izifundo lingalindi elokuqala, wengeze izipele ngokusekelwe kulokho okwephuke ngempela, bese wenza uhlelo lwesikhathi lube semthethweni. Yilapha i-simulator esebenzela kusiphequluli izitholela khona indawo: abafundi bangazilolonga futhi bahlele bengekho emakhithini abambekayo, ngakho iseti eyodwa yekilasi yelulekela ezifundweni eziningi. Ungayizama leyo ndlela mahhala nge-simulator yamabhulokhi ngaphambi kokuba ubeke imali kwenye impahla ebambekayo.

Unyaka wesithathu: ukujulisa

Uma izisekelo sezizinzile, tshala kokujulile kunokwandisa inani: amakhithi amaphrojekthi, ukungenela umncintiswano, nokuvuselelwa kwempahla endala kakhulu yonyaka wokuqala. Yilesi isikhathi sokucabangela i-hackathon noma umncintiswano wangaphandle njengenhloso edonsela phambili lonke uhlelo.

Ukuthenga nokuthola impahla ngokuhlakanipha

Kunemigomo emibili egcina izindleko ziphansi impilo yonke yelebhu. Okokuqala, sebenzisa okufanayo yonke indawo. Ipulatifomu eyodwa esikoleni sonke isho iseti eyodwa yezipele, indlela eyodwa yokuqeqesha, nezinhlelo zezifundo ezidluliselwa ebangeni ngebanga. Ikhabhethe eligcwele amakhithi axubene angahambisani ngokugcwele yilapho isabelomali sichitheka khona buthule. Okwesibili, khetha ukuqina nokulungiseka kunentengo eshibhe kunazo zonke, ngoba ikhithi ongatholi izingxenye zalo libiza kakhulu kunelibiza kakhudlwana ekuqaleni.

Lapho ukwazi khona, thenga kumthengisi osekela nendlela yokufundisa, hhayi ibhokisi kuphela. Ikharikhulamu, i-simulator nokutholakala kwezipele endaweni yakini kubalulekile kakhulu kunesaphulelo esincane. Njengesibonelo esisodwa sepulatifomu eqinile, elungisekayo eyakhelwe ukusetshenziswa ekilasini, ibhodi le-sheenbot infinity lakhelwe imodeli yeqoqo elincane, linendawo ehambisanayo yokubhala ikhodi ngamabhulokhi nezingxenye ezisipele ezihlala zikhona esitokweni. Uma ungathandi ukuzilawulela wena zonke lezi zingxenye, uhlelo olwenzelwa wena - impahla ebambekayo, ikharikhulamu nokuqeqeshwa kukonke ndawonye - kufanele ulubheke ngamanani uluqhathanise nokuzakhela; ungabona ukuthi sikwenza kanjani lokho ekhasini lethu lokuthola izinto zelebhu.

Ukuxhaswa kwelebhu: izibonelelo nobambiswano

Impahla ebambekayo yingxenye elula kakhulu ukuyitholela imali ngaphandle kwesabelomali sakho. Izinhlelo zokutshalwa kwezimali ngezinkampani emphakathini, amaphrojekthi ezemfundo esifundazweni, amanethiwekhi abafundi bakudala, amaklabhu enkonzo kanye nezibonelelo zamanxusa noma zezinhlangano ezisiza umphakathi konke kuxhasa imishini ye-STEM, futhi abaningi bathanda isicelo esicacile, esinamanani. Yingakho nje uhlelo lwezigaba olungenhla lusiza: umxhasi angaxhasa unyaka wokuqala njengokuhlola bese ebona umphumela ngaphambi kokuzibophezela onyakeni wesibili.

Nanka amacebiso ambalwa asebenzayo. Cela izinto ezinkulu ezihlala isikhathi eside (amakhithi, izinto zokushaja, ifenisha) ezibonelelweni, bese ugcina izinhlaka eziphindaphindekayo - izipele, ukuvuselelwa kokuqeqeshwa - phakathi kwesabelomali sokusebenza sesikole sakho, ngoba iningi lezibonelelo ngeke lizivuselele izinto eziphelayo. Khombisa uhlelo lokusimama, hhayi uhlu lwezifiso nje; abaxhasi baxhasa izinhlelo ezizobe zisekhona eminyakeni emithathu. Futhi lapho kungenzeka, xhumanisa isicelo nento ebonakalayo, njengosuku lwezivakashi noma ukungenela umncintiswano, ukuze inzuzo yemali yabo ibe lula ukuyikhomba.

Isiphetho

Ilebhu yamarobhothi iphila noma ife ngezinhlaka okungekho othatha izithombe zazo: idrowa lezipele, itroli lokushaja, uthisha wesibili oqeqeshiwe, nemali yezimo ezingalindelekile ongazange udinge ukuyithinta. Bekela lezo zinto kusukela ekuqaleni, wakhe ngezigaba eminyakeni emithathu, usebenzise ipulatifomu eyodwa elungisekayo, bese weyama ezibonelelweni ukuze uthole imali yezinto ezinkulu kuyilapho wena uthwala izindleko zokusebenza. Yenza lokho bese igumbi lihlala limatasa isikhathi eside ngemva kokuphela kwenjabulo yosuku lokwethulwa.

Imibuzo evame ukubuzwa

Mangaki amakhithi adingwa ikilasi elilodwa ngempela?

Hlelela abafundi ababili kuya kwabathathu ekhithini ngalinye. Ekilasini labafundi abangamashumi amathathu lokho kungamakhithi ayishumi kuya kwayishumi nanhlanu. Iseti eyodwa yekilasi ingasebenzela ibanga elingaphezu kwelilodwa uma indawo yakho yokushaja neyokugcina ikuvumela ukuthi ulungise igumbi ngokushesha phakathi kwezifundo.

Iyiphi into eyodwa ebekelwa imali encane kakhulu?

Izipele, bese kulandela ukuqeqeshwa kothisha. Intambo efile noma ibhethri elifile likhipha ikhithi lonke esifundweni, futhi uthisha ongaqeqeshiwe ngeke ayisebenzise imishini nhlobo. Vikela zombili lezi zinhlaka noma ngabe kufanele uthenge amakhithi ambalwa ukuze wenze lokho.

Singaqala nge-simulator esikhundleni sempahla ebambekayo?

Yebo, futhi kuyindlela ehlakaniphile yokunciphisa ubungozi bokusebenzisa imali. I-simulator yamabhulokhi esebenzela kusiphequluli ivumela abafundi nothisha ukuthi bakhe amakhono ngaphambi kwamakhithi abambekayo nangesikhathi sebesebenza nawo, futhi lokho kwelulela iseti eyodwa yekilasi ezifundweni eziningi. Kuwuhlolo oluhle ngaphambi kokuthenga ngobuningi.

Kudingeka isikhathi esingakanani ngaphambi kokushintsha amakhithi?

Uma esetshenziswa nsuku zonke esikoleni, bekela imali yokuvuselela njalo eminyakeni emithathu kuya kwemine. Beka eceleni imali encane unyaka nonyaka ukuze ukushintsha kube yinto ehleliwe kunokuba yindleko engalindelekile, futhi gcina ipulatifomu yakho ifana ukuze isitoko esidala nesisha sihambisane.

Kufanele sizithengele konke noma sisebenzise uhlelo olunikeza yonke insizakalo?

Bheka amanani kokubili. Ukuzakhela kukunika amandla okulawula futhi kungabiza kancane ephepheni, kodwa iphakheji elenzelwe wena elihlanganisa impahla ebambekayo, ikharikhulamu, ukuqeqeshwa nezipele imvamisa libiza kancane esikhathini sabasebenzi futhi ligwema isicupho sekhabhethe elixubene. Impendulo elungile incike ekutheni othisha bakho banaso yini isikhathi namandla okukuphatha.