Ikhithi yoburobhothi engcono kakhulu yengane eneminyaka engu-8 yileyo engayakha ngaphandle kwensimbi yokushisela, iyihlele ngokuhudula izingqimba, futhi iqhubeke ukuyisebenzisa iminyaka emibili noma emithathu njengoba amakhono ayo ekhula. Kule minyaka umgomo akulona irobhothi elisheshayo. Kungumshini ingane engawuqonda, iwushintshe, iwulungise ngokwayo. Lokho kukukhombisa ezingxenyeni ezinkulu, ezinzweni ezicacile, nasesofthiweni exolelayo kunamandla emotho amakhulu noma inani elikhulu lezingxenye.

Ngezansi yilokho okubalulekile ngempela uma uthenga, kanye namaphutha achitha imali buthule.

Okwazi ukukwenza ngempela ingane eneminyaka engu-8

Amakhono okusebenzisa iminwe asakhula eminyakeni eyisishiyagalombili. Izikulufu ezincane, amawaya e-jumper ambuliwe, namabhodi e-breadboard kudala ukucasuka nokudela. Ukufunda kuyakwazeka, kodwa incwadi yamakhasi angu-60 egcwele umbhalo cha. Ukunaka kuhlala cishe imizuzu engu-30 kuya kwengu-45, okuyisikhathi esisodwa sokwakha nokuhlola sokugxila.

Isifundo esisebenzayo: ikhithi enhle yale minyaka inikeza impendulo esheshayo. Ilambu, umsindo, noma ukunyakaza esikhathini sokuqala kugcina ingane ithakasele. Uma umvuzo wehora lomsebenzi kuyirobhothi elihlala nje lingenzi lutho, iningi lezingane ezineminyaka eyisishiyagalombili liyaqhubekela kokunye.

Izinto eziyisithupha okumele uzibheke

Sebenzisa lokhu njengohlu lokuhlola uma uqhathanisa amakhithi, noma ngabe yiluphi uphawu:

• Akukho kushisela, akukho mawaya ambuliwe. Izingxenye kufanele zibambane noma zikhungwe ngezikulufu, futhi izintambo kufanele zibe namaphulaki angena ngendlela eyodwa kuphela.
• Ukubhala ikhodi ngezingqimba. Isihleli sokuhudula nokulahla esifana neScratch noma iBlockly sihambisana nendlela izingane zale minyaka ezicabanga ngayo. Izilimi zombhalo zilandela kamuva.
• Izixhumi ezinkulu, ezixolelayo. Iziqhagelo ezinkulu ziyakwazi ukumelana nokuphathwa kabuhlungu nokuqagela okungalungile. Ama-header amancane abuthakathaka ayagoba futhi aphuke.
• Izinzwa eziningi kunamasondo. Irobhothi elizwa umhlaba oliphahlile lithakazelisa kakhulu kunelinye elihamba nje kuphela.
• Lisebenza ngebhethri elingashajwa kabusha. Kuyasiza ngesikhathi sokucinywa kukagesi, futhi ayikho intambo kagesi ongakhubeka kuyo phansi ekamelweni lokuphumula.
• Indlela yokukhula ecacile. Ihadiwe efanayo kufanele isasebenza uma ingane yakho isilungele i-logic enzima kakhulu, ekugcineni nekhodi yombhalo encane.

Kungani izinzwa zidlula amasondo

Yilesi isimiso abazali abavame ukusiphutha. Ikhithi ethengiswa ngesivinini namasondo amakhulu yenza imoto elawulwa ngokukude. Iyajabulisa ntambama eyodwa, kodwa kuncane okuhlelwayo futhi kuncane okufundwayo. Ikhithi enezinzwa ifundisa imbangela nomphumela, okuyinhloko yangempela yoburobhothi kule minyaka.

Bheka isinzwa sebanga, isinzwa sokulandela umugqa, nento esabela ekukhanyeni noma emsindweni. Ngalezo, ingane ingakha i-logic elula ethi uma kwenzeka lokhu, khona-ke yenza lokhuya: yima ngaphambi kokushayisa odongeni, landela umugqa omnyama, phenduka uma sekumnyama. Lokho ukuhlela kwasekuqaleni, futhi kubamba ukunaka ngoba irobhothi lisabela ekamelweni langempela elilizungezile.

Izindlela ezijwayelekile zokuchitha imali

Amanye amakhithi abiza kakhulu awafaneleki nhlobo enganeni eneminyaka eyisishiyagalombili. Qaphela lezi:

• Amakhulu ezingcezu ezincane. Amakhithi enzelwe intsha noma abadala abukeka emangalisa ebhokisini kodwa akhungathekise ingane encane.
• Amathoyizi asebenza nge-app kuphela. Irobhothi elenza iqhinga elilodwa elibhaliwe futhi elingakwazi ukuhlelwa kabusha liyithoyizi, hhayi ikhithi. Ubumnandi bento entsha buphela ngesonto.
• Noma yini edinga ukushisela noma ukuxhuma amawaya ebhodini le-breadboard manje. Lokhu kugcineni iminyaka eyishumi nanye noma eyishumi nambili.
• Iphakethe elikhulu kunawo wonke elithengwa kuqala. Ungathengi isethi enkulu ngaphambi kokwazi ukuthi ingane yakho iyaqhubeka nayo. Qala ngokuncane bese wengeza kamuva.
• Amakhithi omjaho noma empi kuphela. Ayakhazimula, awajulile, futhi ayadinisa ngokushesha uma umjaho usuphelile.

Indlela yokukhula, kusuka ezingqimbeni kuya embhalweni

Isizathu sokucabanga eminyakeni embalwa ezayo yimali. Ukuthenga inhlaka eyodwa ekhula nengane yakho kushibhile kunokushintsha ikhithi minyaka yonke. Indlela enengqondo ibukeka kanje: onyakeni wokuqala, ukubhala ikhodi ngezingqimba nezinzwa ezilula; kowesibili, izinzwa eziningi ne-logic enezinyathelo eziningi; kowesithathu, isingeniso solimi lombhalo olufana nePython kubhodi elifanayo. Uma ihadiwe oyithenga ingane ineminyaka eyisishiyagalombili ingakwazi lokho, uzobuye uthenge futhi ineminyaka eyishumi.

Ungahlola ukuthi uhlangothi lokubhala ikhodi luyayithinta yini ingane ngaphambi kokuchitha imali. Isimulatha yesiphequluli ivumela ingane ukuba ibhale ikhodi yerobhothi yangempela ngaphandle kwekhithi nhlobo, ngakho uyazi kuqala ukuthi iyakuthanda yini. Isimulatha yethu yamahhala iku-verse-try, futhi isebenzisa ukubhala ikhodi ngezingqimba okufanayo nokusetshenziswa yikhithi ephathekayo.

Lapho amakhithi e-sheen engena khona

Ngokwezimiso ezingenhla, impendulo yethu yibhodi le-sheenbot∞, esalidizayina ngqo laleli qembu leminyaka: ukubhala ikhodi ngezingqimba, izixhumi ezinkulu ezingena ngendlela eyodwa, uhla lwezinzwa, nendlela eya kuPython kamuva kuhadiwe efanayo. Uma ungathanda ukubona ingane iyizama ngaphambi kokuthenga, ikilasi lokuzama elilodwa e-akhademi yethu yaseKapa yindlela eshibhile yokuhlola ukufaneleka, futhi amakhithi ayatholakala esitolo uma usukwazi ukuthi kuyahambisana. Akukho nakunye kwalokho okudingekayo ukuze usebenzise iseluleko lapha. Uhlu lokuhlola lusebenza nanoma yiluphi uphawu oluthandayo.

Uhlu olusheshayo lokuhlola uma uthenga

Ngaphambi kokukhokha, qinisekisa ukuthi ikhithi ihlangabezana nalezi zidingo:

1. Akukho kushisela futhi awekho amawaya ambuliwe axegayo.
2. Ukubhala ikhodi ngezingqimba, kungcono kube nendlela yamahhala yokuzama isofthiwe kuqala.
3. Okungenani izinzwa ezimbili noma ezintathu, hhayi amamotho namasondo kuphela.
4. Amandla ebhethri elingashajwa kabusha.
5. Indlela ebhaliwe esuka ezingqimbeni iye ekhodini yombhalo kubhodi elifanayo.

Imibuzo evamile

Kufanele ngibekele imali engakanani ngamarandi?

Qala ngekhithi yokungena kunephakethe elikhulu kunawo wonke, bese ubekela eceleni cishe amaphesenti angu-10 kuya kwangu-15 entengo yekhithi ukuze uthenge izingxenye ezisele nebhethri lesibili. Ungabuye wengeze amamojula noma nini uma usazi ukuthi ingane yakho izinikele.

Ingabe eyisishiyagalombili incane kakhulu, noma indala kakhulu, kwikhithi yokuqala?

Iminyaka eyisishiyagalombili iyindawo enhle yokuqala ekubhaleni ikhodi ngezingqimba nasezinzweni. Ingane eneminyaka eyisithupha noma eyisikhombisa enesibindi ingaqala inosizo oluningi lomzali; ingane eneminyaka eyishumi ingahamba ngokushesha kule khithi efanayo bese ifinyelela ekhodini yombhalo ngokushesha.

Ingabe lokhu kuzoba yisikhathi esengeziwe sokubuka isikrini nje?

Uburobhothi buyisikhathi sesikrini esinomphumela ophathekayo. Ingane ibhala ikhodi esikrinini, bese ibuka irobhothi langempela lilalela noma lingalaleli, bese iyalilungisa. Ukwakha, ukuhlola, nokususa amaphutha kwenzeka ngaphandle kwesikrini, okuyingxenye enamathelayo.