Izingxenye zekhithi kufanele zakhe ingxenye enkulu yerobhothi lakho le-FIRST Tech Challenge. Ukusikwa ngomshini ngokwezifiso kuzitholela indawo kwingxenye yeshumi yokugcina, lapho ingekho ingxenye ekhona esitolo efinyelela isimo esiqondile umdlalo osifunayo. Umbuzo wangempela ngesizini yokwakha akukhona ukuthi yikuphi okungcono ngokomqondo nje. Ukuthi yikuphi okuvikela ijubane lakho lokuphinda uzame ngenkathi usenamasonto asele okuthuthukisa.

Izingxenye zekhithi ziyanqoba ngoba zikuvumela ukuthi wakhe kabusha ngokushesha

Izinhlelo zamakhithi ezifana no-goBILDA, i-REV ne-TETRIX zabelana ngamaphethini ezimbobo ajwayelekile, ngamashaneli nangamabhulaki. Lokho kulinganiswa yikho kanye okuyinhloko. Ungakhipha isistimu encane, uhambise imoto ngezimbobo ezimbili, bese usuhlola futhi ngaphambi komdlalo olandelayo wokuzijwayeza. Lonke ushintsho luyabuyiseleka, futhi akukho okulahlekayo uma umqondo ungasebenzi.

Ngesizini yokwakha umkhawulo wakho awuvamile ukuba yikhono lokusebenzisa umshini. Ukuthi ungenza imijikelezo emingaki yedizayini ngaphambi kwesiqhudelwano sakho sokuqala sokukhetha. Iqembu eliphinda lakhe i-intake yalo izikhathi eziyishumi ngefomu lekhithi ngokuvamile lizolinqoba iqembu elenze inguqulo eyodwa enhle ngomshini bese lingasakwazi ukuyishintsha kalula. Izingxenye zekhithi zigcina lowo mjikelezo ushibhile futhi usheshe.

Lapho ukusikwa ngomshini ngokwezifiso kuzitholela khona indawo ngempela

Izingxenye ezenziwe ngokwezifiso ziyakhokha kwishumi lamaphesenti lokugcina lerobhothi, futhi cishe azikaze zikhokhe ngaphambi kokuba usuwufakazele umqondo ngefomu lekhithi. Abangenele abalungile yizimo ezithile zomdlalo izingxenye ezikhona esitolo ezingakwazi ukuzenza: umlomo we-intake ongene nge-engeli ethile, umholi ogobile ohambisa into yomdlalo, ibhulaki eliphansi elidlula ibhampa, noma isisindo esisuswa engxenyeni osuvele wayiqinisekisa.

Umthetho ogcina amaqembu engaweli enkingeni ulula. Yenza iphrothothayiphu ngekhithi, uzibophezele ngensimbi. Uma ungakawushayeli lo mshini futhi wawubuka ushuta amaphuzu, awukalungeli ukuwenza ngomshini. Ukusika idizayini ongakayihloli kwenza nje inguqulo ebizayo yokuqagela.

Izibalo zezindleko nezesikhathi sokulinda

Ukuqhathanisa okuqotho akumayelana nekhwalithi yengxenye. Ibhulaki elenziwe ngomshini lingaba lula futhi liqine kakhulu. Kumayelana nokuthi ukukhetha ngakunye kuzithinta kanjani izinto ezimbili ongelokothe ube nazo ngokwanele: isikhathi nezinguquko.

Isici	Izingxenye zekhithi	Ukusikwa ngomshini ngokwezifiso
Isikhathi kuya enguqulweni yokuqala esebenzayo	Imizuzu kuya ehoreni	Izinsuku, uma sekufakwe idizayini nomugqa wokulinda
Izindleko zoshintsho ngalunye	Ziphansi; usebenzisa kabusha futhi ubhoboze kabusha impahla ekhona	Ziphakeme; inguqulo ngayinye iyimpahla entsha nesikhathi sasewekshophu
Isikhathi sokulinda	Isivele isebhokisini lakho lezingxenye	Dizayina, sika ngomshini noma ukhiphele ngaphandle, bese uqedela
Ukubuyiseleka	Khipha izikulufu uzame futhi	Kuzibophezele uma sekusikiwe
Kusetshenziswa kangcono ku	Isakhiwo, i-drivetrain, amabhulaki amaningi	Isimo esiqinisekisiwe, esithile emdlalweni

Funda leli thebula njengendlela yokusebenza, hhayi njengesinqumo. Ingxenye enkulu yerobhothi ihlala ekholomu yesobunxele isizini yonke. Izingxenye ezimbalwa ezifakazelwe zithuthela ekholomu yesokudla lapho idizayini isiyekile ukushintsha.

Yini okumele uyiguqule kuqala

Uma wenza into eyodwa kuphela ngomshini, yenza i-intake. Ukushuta amaphuzu ngokuvamile kuncike ekutheni ungazibutha uzilawule kangakanani izinto zomdlalo ngokwethembeka, futhi lezo zinto zishintsha isimo nosayizi isizini ngayinye, ngakho isimo esikhona esitolo asivamile ukungena ngokugcwele. Isimo se-intake, okusho i-engeli yomlomo, igebe kanye nokuthobela kwendawo ethinta leyo nto, yilapho ingxenye eyenziwe ngokwezifiso iguqula khona irobhothi elisebenza cishe libe yilelo elisebenza kuwo wonke umjikelezo.

Ngemva kwe-intake, abalandelayo yizingxenye okumele zisinde ekushayisaneni noma zingene endaweni eminyene. Shiya i-drivetrain, isakhiwo nokuxhunywa okuningi kwikhithi. Lezo yizinkinga esezixazululiwe, futhi ukuzisungula kabusha kubiza isizini isikhathi ongathanda kakhulu ukusichitha ushayela.

Indlela yokwenza izingxenye ngaphandle kwe-mill

Awudingi iwekshophu yemishini ekilasini lakho ukuze wenze izingxenye ngokwezifiso. Izindlela ezimbalwa zokufinyelela zenela amaqembu amaningi:

• I-CNC ekhishelwe ngaphandle. Thumela iwekshophu ifayela le-DXF noma le-STEP bese ulindela umugqa wokulinda. Oda kusenesikhathi, uhlanganise izingxenye zakho ndawonye, futhi udizayine ngendlela yokuthi ukusetha okukodwa kwenza eziningi ngasikhathi sinye.
• Ukuphrinta kwe-3D njengebhuloho. Phrinta isimo esingesona esesakhiwo ukuze uzame isimo ngokushibhile, bese wenza inguqulo yokugcina ngomshini kuphela uma kumele ithwale umthwalo noma ithathe ukushayisana.
• Amathuluzi esandla ne-drill press. Izingxenye eziningi ezenziwe ngokwezifiso ziyizikhala nje, izimbobo nonqenqema olusikiwe. Ifayela, isaha lensimbi nokumaka ngokucophelela kufinyelela kude kunalokho abantu abakulindelayo.
• Ama-makerspace, abaxhasi namanyuvesi. Ilebhu yendawo yokwenza izinto noma umnyango wobunjiniyela ngokuvamile ungasika ingxenye ngokushesha kunokuthi uthenge i-mill, futhi ubudlelwano bubaluleke kunengxenye.

Ukuhlolwa kwesimo sangempela saseNingizimu Afrika

Izinto ezimbili zendawo zishintsha izibalo. Izingxenye zekhithi zivamise ukungeniswa ezweni, ngakho izikhathi zokulinda zingafinyelela emasontweni; oda izingxenye ezisele ngaphambi kwesizini, hhayi phakathi kwayo. Ukucishwa kukagesi kungamisa ukuphrinta okude noma uhlelo lwewekshophu ngaphandle kwesexwayiso, ngakho phatha noma iyiphi ingxenye eyodwa eyenziwe ngomshini njengengozi kuze kube isesandleni sakho. Gcina ibhokisi lezingxenye ezisele zamabhulaki namashaneli owasebenzisa kakhulu, bese uthenga izinto ezivame ukugugela ngambili.

Amakhono abaluleke kakhulu kunanoma iyiphi ingxenye eyodwa. Iqembu elikwazi ukumodela ibhulaki, ukufunda umdwebo nokucabanga ngomshini lizokwenza izinqumo ezingcono zokukhetha phakathi kokwezifiso nekhithi isizini yonke. Uma usathenga izingxenye, isitolo sethu siyindawo eyodwa yokuqala yamakhithi nezingxenye ezisele, kanti i-akhademi yethu yezamarobhothi eKapa yakha izisekelo zedizayini ezingemuva kwalezi zinqumo. Amawekshophu amaholide esikole ayindawo enganancindezelo yokuzijwayeza ukwenza amaphrothothayiphu, kanti abafundi abancane bavame ukuqala ngebhodi le-sheenbot∞ ukuze bafunde umqondo wokulawula ngaphambi kokuthi bathinte irobhothi lomncintiswano.

Okumele kukhunjulwe

Yakha irobhothi ngezingxenye zekhithi, uvikele ijubane lakho lokuphinda uzame, bese wenza ngomshini kuphela lokho osuvele wakufakazela, uqale nge-intake. Umsebenzi wokwenza ngokwezifiso uwumnyakazo wokuqedela, hhayi isikhundla sokuqala. Amaqembu anqoba kulokhu kuqhathanisa yilawo aqhubeka eshintsha imiqondo yawo ngokushibhile isikhathi eside ngangokunokwenzeka, bese ezibophezela ngensimbi ezinqumweni ezimbalwa esezimisile ukushintsha.

Imibuzo evamile

Ingabe iqembu elisanda kuqala kufanele lenze noma yini ngomshini onyakeni wokuqala?

Ngokuvamile cha. Chitha isizini yakho yokuqala ufunda ukuphinda uzame ngefomu lekhithi nokushayela kahle. Uzofunda okuningi ekwakheni kabusha okusheshayo okuyishumi kunasengxenyeni eyodwa eyenziwe ngomshini, futhi uzokwenza izinqumo ezingcono kakhulu zokwezifiso ngonyaka ozayo.

Ingabe kufanele siphrinte nge-3D noma sisike nge-CNC i-intake yezifiso?

Phrinta ukuze uthole isimo, wenze ngomshini ukuze usigcine. I-intake ephrintiwe ilungele ukuhlola i-engeli yomlomo negebe ngempelasonto. Uma usuyazi ukuthi isimo siyasebenza futhi kumele sisinde ekushayisaneni okuphindaphindiwe, yileso sikhathi sokusisika ensimbini.

Singawakha kanjani amakhono edizayini ngaphambi kokuthi isizini iqale?

Zijwayeze ngaphandle kwesizini ngezakhiwo ezinganangozi enkulu. Ukuzilolonga ekumodeleni, ekwenzeni amaphrothothayiphu nasemkhubeni wokwenza iphrothothayiphu kuqala bese uzibophezela, ngaphambi kokuthi iwashi langempela liqale, yikho okwehlukanisa amaqembu enza izifiso kahle kulawo azenza ngokushesha kakhulu.