Kungani Amanzi E-hydroponics Yasekilasini Lethu Aphenduke Aluhlaza Cwe Ngolwelwe?
Ulwelwe luyaqhakaza uma ukukhanya kufinyelela emanzini anemisoco eminingi. Nakhu ukuthi kungani i-PVC emhlophe nezitsha ezidlulisa ukukhanya zehluleka, nokuthi ungalulungisa kanjani lolu qhakazo ngaphandle kwamakhemikhali anobuthi.
Ithangi lakho le-hydroponics liphenduke laluhlaza okotshani ngenxa yesizathu esilula sebhayoloji: imbewu yolwelwe oluncane ithole imisoco yamaminerali encibilikile (i-nitrogen ne-phosphorus), amanzi afudumele, nokukhanya. Uma lezo zimo ezintathu zikhona ngasikhathi sinye, ulwelwe luzogcwala uhlelo phakathi kwamahora angu-48 kuya kwangu-72. Cishe kuzo zonke izinhlelo zasekilasini, umbangeli oyimpande akuyona ingxube yemisoco emibi noma amanzi angcolile ompompi; wukukhanya okuvuza kupulasitiki lwethangi oludlulisa ukukhanya noma emapayipini e-PVC amhlophe anezindonga ezizacile.
I-Physics Yokuvuza Kokukhanya Ekwakheni Kwasesikoleni
Ulwelwe luyizidalwa ezenza i-photosynthesis. Ngokungafani nezifo zezimpande ezinjenge-Pythium (ukubola kwezimpande), ulwelwe ludinga ukukhanya ukuze lwande. Ohlelweni olulungile lwe-nutrient film technique (NFT) noma lwe-deep water culture (DWC), isixazululo semisoco sihlala ebumnyameni obuphelele kusukela sisuka ethangini kuze sibuye.
Amaphrojekthi ezikole avame ukwephula lo mthetho ngezinto ezimbili ezivamile:
- Izitsha zokugcina ezidlulisa ukukhanya: Amabhokisi epulasitiki acwebile noma amhlophe okugcina athengwe ezitolo zasendaweni angabukeka eqinile, kodwa asakaza ukukhanya kujule emanzini. Ngisho namabhokisi aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma aluhlaza okotshani agqamile avumela ukungena kwemisebe eyanele esebenza ku-photosynthesis (PAR) ukuze kuqhubeke ukuqhakaza okusheshayo kolwelwe ngaphansi kwezibani ze-fluorescent zasekilasini noma izibani ze-LED ezinamandla zokukhulisa izitshalo.
- Amapayipi ajwayelekile amanzi e-PVC amhlophe: I-PVC emhlophe evamile enezindonga ezizacile (njengamapayipi endle asetshenziswa emakhaya athengwa esitolo sezimpahla zokwakha) idlulisa ukukhanya kancane. Nakuba ibukeka imhlophe ngqingqwa emehlweni, ukubeka ithoshi ngaphakathi kuveza ukuthi ukukhanya kusabalala kalula kudlule odongeni. Ngaphansi kwezibani zokukhulisa ezinamandla amakhulu noma ilanga eliqondile eduze kwefasitela lekilasi laseNingizimu Afrika elibheke enyakatho, ingaphakathi lomsele we-PVC omhlophe liba yindlu yezitshalo yolwelwe.
- Izikhala zezimbiza zenetha ezingambozwanga: Ukushiya imigodi yezimbiza zenetha ivuleke ingenalutho, noma ukusebenzisa izinto zokutshala ezinezinhlamvu ezinkulu ezishiya izikhala eduze kwezinsinsi zezithombo, kuvumela imisebe yokukhanya eqondile ukuthi ishaye umfudlana wemisoco ongezansi.
Kungani Ulwelwe Lulimaza Uhlelo (Nokuthi Kungani Amakhemikhali Engesona Isixazululo)
Ulwelwe aluzihlaseli ngqo izinsinsi zezitshalo, kodwa luncintisana ngamandla ngawo lawo ma-oksijini ancibilikile nemisoco ye-ioni edingwa yizitshalo zakho. Emini ulwelwe lukhipha i-oksijini; ebusuku ludla i-oksijini ngokuphefumula, kulambise indawo yezimpande. Uma iqoqo lolwelwe ligcina lifile, amagciwane abolisayo athatha i-oksijini esele encibilikile emanzini, okuholela ezimweni ezingenamoya, amaphunga amabi, nokubola kwezimpande okuzumayo.
Uma lokhu kwenzeka, into ecatshangwa kuqala ivamise ukuba ukufaka isibulali-lwelwe sechibi lokubhukuda, i-copper sulphate, noma i-bleach enamandla yasekhaya ethangini. Endaweni yokufunda, lokhu kuyiphutha:
- Izibulali-lwelwe zamachibi okubhukuda ezithengiswayo nezinhlanganisela zethusi ziyanqwabelana ezicutshini zezitshalo futhi zinobuthi uma zidliwa, okwenza kube yize ngaso leso sikhathi noma yiliphi iphrojekthi yasekilasini ehlose ukutshala ukudla okudliwayo.
- I-bleach evamile ye-chlorine ilimaza izinwele zezimpande emazingeni aphakeme ngokwanele ukubulala ulwelwe kulo lonke uhlelo, ivimbe ukukhula noma ibulale izitshalo ezizwelayo njenge-letisi ne-basil.
- Ukwelapha ngamakhemikhali akulungisi inkinga esekwakhiweni. Ngesikhathi nje i-chlorine iphela, imbewu esemoyeni izophinde igcwale emanzini akhanyiselwe phakathi nezinsuku ezimbalwa.
Isixazululo Sokwakha: Ukuvimba Ukukhanya Ngokuphelele
Ukulungisa amanzi aluhlaza unomphela kudinga ukuvimba ukukhanya ngokoqobo, hhayi impi yamakhemikhali. Ungenza ukwakha okukhona kuvimbe ukukhanya ngokuphelele usebenzisa izinto ezijwayelekile:
| Ingxenye | Ubuthakathaka | Isixazululo Sanaphakade Sokwakha |
|---|---|---|
| Ithangi Lokugcina | Izindonga zepulasitiki nesivalo okudlulisa ukukhanya | Songa ingaphandle ngefilimu emnyama-nemhlophe ye-silage (i-panda film), uhlangothi olumnyama lubheke ngaphakathi ukuze luvimbe ukukhanya, olumhlophe lubheke ngaphandle ukuze lubuyisele emuva ukushisa okuseduze. Enye indlela ukupenda ingaphandle ngesendlalelo sopende omnyama ongacwebezeli osafutha, bese ulandelisa ngopende omhlophe ocwebezelayo. |
| Imisele ye-PVC | Ukungena kokukhanya ezindongeni ezizacile ze-PVC emhlophe | Songa imisele nge-foil yokuvikela ukushisa ekhanyisayo, noma usebenzise imisele ye-hydroponics evimba ukukhanya futhi eqinisiwe ngokumelana ne-UV kunokusebenzisa ipayipi lamanzi lasekhaya. |
| Izimbobo Zesivalo & Izimbiza Zenetha | Ukukhanya okuvuza eduze kwe-rockwool noma amakhaphu enetha | Gcwalisa izimbiza zenetha ngokuphelele ngamatshana obumba akhulisiwe angadluliseli ukukhanya (i-hydroton), futhi usebenzise amakhola e-neoprene angadluliseli ukukhanya azungeze izinsinsi zezitshalo ukuze uvale izikhala zokukhanya. Vala noma yimiphi imigodi engasetshenziswa ngezivalo eziqinile ezingadluliseli ukukhanya. |
| Amashubhu Okubuka & Amashubhu Okuhambisa | Amashubhu e-vinyl acwebile abonisa izinga lamanzi nemigqa yokuhambisa | Shintsha wonke amashubhu e-vinyl acwebile ngamashubhu e-polyethylene amnyama noma aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka aphephile ekudleni angadluliseli ukukhanya. Amashubhu acwebile azokhulisa ulwelwe ngaphakathi luze luvimbe amapompo nezichelo. |
Indlela Yokuwageza Nokulusetha Kabusha Ngokuphepha Uhlelo Lwasekilasini Olunolwelwe
Uma ithangi lakho seliluhlaza ngokuphelele, landela le nqubo yokusetha kabusha engenabuthi ngesikhathi sesifundo esisodwa sokuzenzela:
- Khipha amanzi bese wehlukanisa: Pompa isixazululo semisoco esiluhlaza ngqo emgodini wamanzi noma usisebenzise ukunisela izingadi zesikole ezisenhlabathini (izinto eziphilayo ezincane zenhlabathi zizowubhidliza ulwelwe ngokwemvelo ngaphandle kokulimaza izitshalo zangaphandle).
- Hlanza izindawo eziphathekayo: Sula izindonga zethangi nezimbiza zenetha usebenzisa indwangu ehlanzekile namanzi afudumele. Ungasebenzisi isiwashi sezitsha noma izisulo zasekhaya, ezishiya insalela ye-surfactant ehlubula ulwelwesi lwezimpande zezitshalo.
- Bulala amagciwane nge-Hydrogen Peroxide ephephile ekudleni: Gcwalisa uhlelo ngamanzi ompompi ajwayelekile bese ufaka i-hydrogen peroxide ejwayelekile engu-3% ($H_2O_2$) ngesilinganiso sama-mililitha angu-5 kuya ku-10 kulitha ngalinye lamanzi. Sebenzisa ipompo imizuzu engu-30 kuya kwengu-45. I-hydrogen peroxide ibulala amaseli olwelwe asele lapho ithintana nawo bese ihlakazeka ngaphandle kokulimaza ibe ngamanzi acwebile ne-oksijini, ingashiyi nsalela yamakhemikhali anobuthi.
- Thulula bese ugcwalisa kabusha: Khipha amanzi okuhlanza, uhlole izivalo zakho zokukhanya, bese uxuba iqoqo elisha lemisoco ye-hydroponics elinganisiwe. Hlola ukudlulisa ugesi (EC) ne-pH ngaphambi kokuthi ubuyisele uhlelo ezimpandeni zezitshalo.
Uma uklama amayunithi azenzakalelayo okukhiqiza ukudla noma amabhentshi ebhayoloji okufunda, izinhlelo zethu ezizinikele ezihlakaniphile zezolimo nezehydroponics zihlanganisa amapayipi aphephile ekudleni avimba ukukhanya ngokuphelele kanye nokuqapha okuzenzakalelayo kwethangi ukuze kuvinjelwe ukungcoliswa okungokwebhayoloji ngaphambi kokuthi kuqale.
Ukuvimbela Ukushisa Ngokweqile Kwamanzi Emakilasini Afudumele
Ezimweni zasehlobo eNingizimu Afrika, amazinga okushisa ekamelweni avamise ukweqa u-30°C. Amazinga aphezulu okushisa kwamanzi asheshisa kokubili ukukhula kolwelwe nokuncipha kwe-oksijini. Uma uvimba ukukhanya ethangini lakho, gwema ukusonga ithangi ngepulasitiki elimnyama kuphela noma ngeteyipi emnyama ngaphandle kwesendlalelo sangaphandle esikhanyisayo; izindawo ezimnyama zimunca ukushisa okuseduze futhi zizoyipheka ngokushesha indawo yezimpande.
Njalo sebenzisa indlela yezendlalelo ezimbili: isivimbo esimnyama sangaphakathi ukuze uvimbe ukukhanya ngokuphelele ngo-100%, sembozwe ngesendlalelo sangaphandle esimhlophe noma esinsimbi ukuze sixoshe ukushisa kude nethangi. Uma ukukhanya sekususiwe ngokuphelele emjikelezweni wemisoco, amanzi akho azohlala ecwebile, amazinga e-oksijini azozinza, futhi izimpande zizohlala zimhlophe qwa isikhathi sonke sesifundo.
