Ngamafuphi

• UMnyango Wezemfundo Eyisisekelo wethule isifundo esizimele sokubhala amakhodi ne-robotics esakhelwe ohlakeni lwe-CAPS, esifundwa eSigabeni Sesisekelo, eSigabeni Esimaphakathi naseSigabeni Esiphakeme.
• Sethulwa ngezigaba, futhi ukwethulwa kwaso akulingani ezikoleni ezahlukene. Izikole eziningi zifundisa izingxenye zaso zisebenzisa noma yimaphi amadivayisi nokuqeqeshwa esezinakho.
• Isifundo asikhulumi kangako ngamarobhothi abizayo njengoba sikhuluma ngokucabanga ngendlela yekhompyutha: amaphethini, ama-algorithm, ukususa amaphutha nokuxazulula izinkinga.
• Ungakwazi ukwakha izifundo zangempela ezihambisana nekharikhulamu ngokuqala ngemisebenzi engaxhunyiwe nengadingi i-inthanethi, bese wengeza i-hardware njengoba isabelomali sivuma.
• Igebe elikhulu ukuzethemba kothisha, hhayi amakhithi. Uhlelo lokuqhubeka olucacile nokuzijwayeza okuncane okuhlelekile kubaluleke ngaphezu kwebhodi elisha kunawo wonke.

Uma ufundisa esikoleni saseNingizimu Afrika, cishe ukubhala amakhodi ne-robotics sekufike kushejuli yakho noma emaphepheni akho okuhlela, kanti iziqondiso ngakho zingabonakala zimbalwa. Lo mhlahlandlela uchaza ukuthi isifundo sifuna ini ngempela, ukuthi ukwethulwa kwaso kubukeka kanjani ezikoleni, nokuthi ungazakha kanjani izifundo ezihambisana nekharikhulamu noma ngabe igumbi lakho lokugcina izimpahla lingenalutho.

Siyini ngempela isifundo sokubhala amakhodi ne-robotics

Isifundo singaphansi komndeni we-Curriculum and Assessment Policy Statement, isakhiwo se-CAPS esifanayo esilawula nezinye izifundo zaseNingizimu Afrika. Akulona ulimi olulodwa lokubhala amaphrogremu, futhi asiboshelwe kumkhiqizo owodwa wamarobhothi. Siyiqoqo lemikhakha yolwazi eyakha ukucabanga ngendlela yekhompyutha kanye nokwenza ngezandla.

Ngokwesigaba, abafundi basebenza ngokubona amaphethini nokuxazulula izinkinga, ngama-algorithm nokubhala amakhodi, ngamakhono ayisisekelo e-robotics, kanye nangokusebenzisa i-inthanethi nokuxhumana kwedijithali ngendlela enesibopho. Igama elithi robotics lithwala umthwalo omkhulu esihlokweni, futhi liyabethusa othisha. Empeleni, ingxenye enkulu yemiphumela ingafinyelelwa kungekho ngisho nerobhothi elilodwa ekilasini. Okubalulekile ukucabanga: ukuhlukanisa inkinga ibe yizinyathelo, ukubona amaphethini, ukubhala uhlu lwemiyalelo olucacile, nokukulungisa uma kungasebenzi.

Sihleleke kanjani kuzo zonke izigaba

Isifundo sakhelwe ukukhula nomfundi, ngakho imiqondo efanayo iyaphinda ivele ijule ngokujula.

Isigaba Sesisekelo (amaBanga R kuya ku-3)

Ikakhulukazi kungaxhunyiwe futhi kudlalwa. Abafundi bahlela izinyathelo ngokulandelana, babone futhi belule amaphethini, banikeze futhi balandele imiyalelo, benze nomsebenzi olula wezinkomba zezindawo. Kaningi akukho sikrini esisetshenziswayo. Igridi enanyathiselwe phansi namakhadi anemicibisholo kungahlangabezana nengxenye emangalisayo yalokhu.

Isigaba Esimaphakathi (amaBanga 4 kuya ku-6)

Kuqala kuvele ukubhala amakhodi ngamabhulokhi, ama-algorithm ahleleke kangcono, futhi abafundi bahlangana ne-robotics abayibamba ngezandla okokuqala. Yilapha idivayisi esetshenziswa ngokwabelana noma iqoqo elincane lamakhithi liqala khona ukusebenza ngempela.

Isigaba Esiphakeme (amaBanga 7 kuya ku-9)

Imiqondo esemthethweni yokubhala amaphrogremu, ama-sensor nokufakwayo, kanye namaphrojekthi ahlanganisa i-hardware nekhodi. Abafundi bahlela, bakhe futhi basuse amaphutha entweni ezenza okuthile, hhayi nje esebenzayo.

Iqiniso ngokwethulwa kwesifundo

Isithombe esiqotho ngesokuthi isifundo sethulwa ngezigaba, kanti okwenzekayo kwehluke kakhulu kusukela kwesinye isikole kuya kwesinye. Ezinye izikole zihlomile ngamalebhu amadivayisi nangabasebenzi abaqeqeshiwe. Eziningi zifundisa zisebenzisa iphepha lenqubomgomo eliphrintiwe, amakhompyutha okwabelwana ngawo, noma i-hardware efike kungekho ukuqeqeshwa. Izifundazwe, izifunda kanye nezikole ngazinye zisezigabeni ezehluke kakhulu, futhi lokho kujwayelekile esifundweni esisha kangaka.

Kunezinto ezimbili ezilandela lokhu. Okokuqala, ungalinganisi uhlelo lwakho ngesikole esibukiswayo esinamakhithi aphelele. Isifundo esingaxhunyiwe esiqhutshwe kahle esifinyelela imiphumela yomkhakha kungukulethwa kwekharikhulamu ngempela. Okwesibili, hlelela igebe eliphakathi kwenqubomgomo nezinsiza, ngoba ezikoleni eziningi lelo gebe yilona qiniso ofundisa kulo.

Amagebe ezinsiza ahlangatshezwa yizikole eziningi

Kunezinto ezine ezivimbelayo ezivela njalo, kanti nganye inendlela esebenzayo yokusabela.

• Amadivayisi. Akuvamile ukuthi amakhompyutha noma amathebhulethi anele ukuthi umfundi ngamunye abe nelakhe. Hlelela ukwabelana kusukela ekuqaleni, ngabafundi ababili noma abathathu kudivayisi ngayinye kanye nezindima ezichaziwe ukuze kungabikho ohlala engenzi lutho.
• Ukuxhumeka ku-inthanethi. I-data ne-bandwidth kubiza kakhulu futhi akuthembeki. Khetha amathuluzi nemisebenzi esebenza ngaphandle kwe-inthanethi, futhi landa noma yini oyidingayo ngaphambi kwesifundo kunokuba ukwenze phakathi naso.
• I-load shedding. Isifundo esincike kugesi kadolobha nasekuxhumekeni kwe-inthanethi okuphilayo sizohluleka ezinsukwini ezimbi kakhulu. Gcina isu elingaxhunyiwe lokusekela kuso sonke isifundo esixhunyiwe, futhi khetha i-hardware esebenza ngebhethri ongayishaja ubusuku bonke.
• Isikhathi nokuzethemba kothisha. Yilokhu okukhulu kunakho konke, futhi akulungiswa ngokuthenga i-hardware eyengeziwe. Othisha abaningi ababelwe lesi sifundo abazange basiqeqeshelwe. Uhlelo lokuqhubeka olufushane, oluhlelekile abangalulandela lungcono kunenqwaba yamakhithi engenalo uhlelo.

Izindlela ezisebenzayo zokuhambisana nekharikhulamu ngaphandle kwamakhithi aphelele

Ungakha uhlelo oluvikelekayo, oluhambisana nekharikhulamu, ngezigaba. Iqhinga ukuqala ngokucabanga bese wengeza ubuchwepheshe kuphela lapho buzisebenzela khona indawo.

1. Qala ngokungaxhunyiwe. Imidlalo yokuhlela ngokulandelana, imisebenzi lapho umfundi enza okwerobhothi omunye emnika imiyalelo isinyathelo nesinyathelo, kanye nomsebenzi wamaphethini konke kuhambisana ngqo nemikhakha yama-algorithm neyokuxazulula izinkinga. Awudingi gesi.
2. Hlanganisa wonke umsebenzi nomkhakha othile. Ngaphambi kokuwufundisa, bhala phansi ukuthi isifundo sisebenzela muphi umphumela. Lokhu kuguqula umsebenzi ojabulisayo ube ubufakazi ongabukhomba ngesikhathi sokuqinisekiswa komsebenzi.
3. Yedlulela ekubhaleni amakhodi ngamabhulokhi kumadivayisi okwabelwana ngawo. Uma abafundi sebekwazi ukuhlela ukulandelana kwezinyathelo ephepheni, i-block editor yamahhala ekhompyutheni okwabelwana ngayo ibavumela ukuthi bakhe futhi basuse amaphutha kulokho kucabanga okufanayo esikrinini.
4. Yengeza i-hardware ekugcineni, futhi wabelane ngayo. Irobhothi elilodwa ku-visualiser, noma isiteshi esijikelezayo esinamakhithi ambalwa, kwanele ukwethula ama-sensor nemiphumela ebambekayo. Awudingi irobhothi ngalinye enganeni ngayinye ukuze ufundise i-robotics.
5. Gcina uhlelo lokuqhubeka oluqhubekayo. Umqondo ofanayo, obuyekezwa ngokujula okwengeziwe kuyo yonke ikota, yilokho i-CAPS eyakhelwe kukho. Imephu elula yekota nekota ibaluleke ngaphezu kwanoma yisiphi isifundo esisodwa.

Ukukhetha indlela yokuqala: izinketho ezintathu eziqotho

Izikole eziningi zigcina zikwenye yezindawo ezintathu zokuqala. Ayikho engalungile; zifanele izabelomali namazinga okulungela ahlukene. Ithebula elingezansi libeka obala okudelwayo ukuze ukhethe ngamabomu kunokuthi uzithole usungenile nje.

Indlela	Okudingayo	Amandla ayo	Okudelwayo ngeqiniso
Okungaxhunyiwe kuphela	Amakhadi aphrintiwe, amagridi aphansi, amaphepha omsebenzi	Cishe kumahhala, akuthinteki yi-load shedding, kumboza imiphumela eminingi yeSigaba Sesisekelo neyezinga eliphansi leSigaba Esimaphakathi	Akukwazi ukufinyelela imiphumela ye-hardware neyama-sensor; kungaba yinto ephindaphindayo uma kuwuhlelo lonke
Idivayisi okwabelwana ngayo noma ilebhu yamakhompyutha	Amakhompyutha noma amathebhulethi ambalwa, i-block editor yamahhala, amafayela ezifundo angadingi i-inthanethi	Yethula ukubhala amakhodi nokususa amaphutha kwangempela; abafundi ababili kuya kwabathathu kudivayisi ngayinye kusebenza kahle	Kuncike kugesi nakumadivayisi asebenzayo; kudinga isu lokusekela ezinsukwini zokucinywa kukagesi
Isethi yeklasi yamakhithi e-robotics	Isethi yamakhithi ejikelezayo, inqubo yokushaja, isabelomali sezingxenye zokushintsha	Kumboza yonke inhlobonhlobo kufaka phakathi ama-sensor namaphrojekthi abambekayo; abafundi bazibandakanya kakhulu	Izindleko nokulungiselela okuphezulu kunakho konke; hlelela cishe amaphesenti ayishumi kuya kwayishumi nanhlanu wezindleko zamakhithi ngezingxenye zokushintsha nokuphuka

Indlela evamile nenengqondo ukusebenzisa kokuthathu ngasikhathi sinye: okungaxhunyiwe kwabancane nakuzinsuku zokucinywa kukagesi, ilebhu okwabelwana ngayo yokubhala amakhodi ngamabhulokhi, kanye nesethi encane ejikelezayo yamakhithi yamabanga aphezulu.

Ukwakha ukuzethemba kothisha

Ngenxa yokuthi isifundo sisha, indlela esheshayo yokuthuthukisa ukufundiswa kwaso imvamisa ukutshala kumuntu omile phambi kwekilasi, hhayi egumbini lokugcina izimpahla. Ukwesekwa kothisha okuhlelekile, uhlelo lokuqhubeka oluke lwasetshenziswa, kanye nethuba lokuzijwayeza imisebenzi ngaphambi kokubhekana nabafundi abangamashumi amathathu kwenza umehluko omkhulu kunebhokisi elengeziwe le-hardware.

Yilapha izinhlelo zangaphandle zingasiza khona. I-akhademi yethu isebenza nabafundi nothisha kanye ngalolu hlobo lohlelo lokuqhubeka, kanti izifundo zamaholide ziyindlela enengcindezi ephansi yokuthi uthisha abone uhlelo lonke lusebenza kusukela ekuqaleni kuze kube sekugcineni ngaphambi kokuluguqulela ekilasini. Uma usufika esigabeni se-hardware, ibhodi le-sheenbot∞ lakhelwe ukuba libe lula kwabaqalayo futhi lisebenze ngaphandle kwe-inthanethi, into ebalulekile ezinsukwini ze-load shedding, kanti amakhithi aphelele ayatholakala esitolo. Noma yimaphi amathuluzi owakhethayo, iseluleko esingakhethi mthengisi sihlala siphambili: khetha i-hardware evula ngokushesha, ekwazi ukuwa ingephuki, futhi engadingi ukuxhumeka okuphilayo ukuze isebenze.

Okusala engqondweni

Ukubhala amakhodi ne-robotics kwe-CAPS kufinyeleleka kalula kunalokho igama laso elikushoyo. Kuyisifundo sokucabanga ngendlela yekhompyutha esinomsila wokwenza ngezandla, esethulwa ngokungalingani ezweni lonke, futhi sivuza othisha abaqala ngokucabanga okucacile kunokuqala ngamakhithi abizayo. Hlanganisa imisebenzi yakho nemikhakha, gcina isu elingaxhunyiwe lezinsuku ezimbi, wabelane ngamadivayisi ngamabomu, bese wengeza i-hardware kuphela lapho ivula khona imiphumela ongeke uyifinyelele ngenye indlela. Yenza lokho, bese uletha ikharikhulamu ngokwethembeka, kungakhathaleki ukuthi isabelomali sakho sibukeka kanjani.

Imibuzo ebuzwa njalo

Ngiyawadinga yini amarobhothi ukuze ngifundise ukubhala amakhodi ne-robotics?

Cha. Ingxenye enkulu yemiphumela, ikakhulukazi eSigabeni Sesisekelo nasezingeni eliphansi leSigaba Esimaphakathi, ifinyelelwa ngemisebenzi engaxhunyiwe yokuhlela ngokulandelana, eyamaphethini neyokuxazulula izinkinga. I-hardware iba usizo emiphumeleni yama-sensor neyamaphrojekthi abambekayo emabangeni aphezulu, kanti nalapho isethi encane okwabelwana ngayo iyanela.

Sifundwa kumaphi amabanga lesi sifundo?

Sakhelwe Isigaba Sesisekelo (amaBanga R kuya ku-3), Isigaba Esimaphakathi (amaBanga 4 kuya ku-6) kanye neSigaba Esiphakeme (amaBanga 7 kuya ku-9), lapho imiqondo eyisisekelo efanayo ibuyekezwa ijula ngokujula njengoba abafundi bekhuphuka.

Singasifundisa kanjani ngesikhathi se-load shedding nokuxhumeka okubuthakathaka?

Khetha amathuluzi angadingi i-inthanethi futhi ulande amafayela ezifundo kusenesikhathi. Gcina inguqulo engaxhunyiwe yaso sonke isifundo esixhunyiwe ukuze ukucinywa kukagesi kungakuphuci ipheriyodi, futhi khetha i-hardware esebenza ngebhethri ongayishaja ubusuku bonke kunemishini edinga ugesi kadolobha ngaso sonke isikhathi.

Isikole kufanele sabele imali engakanani ngesethi yeklasi?

Kunokuba uzame ukuthola idivayisi ngayinye kumfundi ngamunye, hlelela abafundi ababili kuya kwabathathu ekhithini ngalinye bese ujikelezisa iziteshi, okwehlisa inani kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwezindleko zamakhithi, beka eceleni cishe amaphesenti ayishumi kuya kwayishumi nanhlanu ezingxenyeni zokushintsha, kumakhebuli nasekuphukeni phakathi nonyaka, ngoba i-hardware okwabelwana ngayo esetshenziswa nsuku zonke izokudinga lokho.

Othisha bangaluthola kuphi uqeqesho noma bakuzame kuqala kuphi?

Ukwesekwa kothisha okuhlelekile nohlelo lokuqhubeka oluke lwasetshenziswa kusiza ngaphezu kwe-hardware eyengeziwe. Isifundo esifushane, i-workshop yamaholide, noma iseshini eyodwa yokuzama kukuvumela ukuthi uzizwele uhlelo lonke ngaphambi kokuzibophezela ikota yonke yezifundo kulo. Ungakwazi futhi ukulandela imibhalo esebenzayo egumbini lethu lezindaba.