Umzali ongabazayo uvamise ukuba nesizathu esizwakalayo

ENingizimu Afrika, imisebenzi engeziwe yokuthuthukisa izingane iyingxenye enkulu yesabelomali sasekhaya. Njengoba amakilasi azimele amarobhothi angaphandle kohlelo lwesikole ebiza kusukela ku-R800 kuya ku-R1,800 ngenyanga, abazali banelungelo lokubuza ukuthi bathenga ini ngempela. Ingabe ingane yakho ifunda izisekelo zobunjiniyela, noma ihlanganisa nje amakhithi epulasitiki abizayo, asakhiwe ngaphambili awenzela wona umsebenzi wokucabanga onzima?

Iqiniso ukuthi izinhlelo eziningi zamarobhothi zihlushwa yilokho abafundisi abakubiza ngokuthi "ukuzibandakanya okungajulile". Emphakathini we-r/Teachers we-Reddit, omunye umfundisi wafingqa ukukhungatheka ngezinhlelo zobuchwepheshe ezixhaswe kahle kodwa ezisetshenziswe kabi:

"Nakuba kunayo yonke le mishini namathoyizi amnandi … akekho okhathalelayo ngempela."

Lokhu kwenzeka lapho ukugxila kubekwa ebusheni bezingxenye zomshini kunokuqina kokufundisa. Uma ingane ichitha ihora ihlanganisa amabhulokhi anemibala ehlukanisiwe ukuze yakhe irobhothi elilandela umugqa osuhleliwe kusengaphambili, ayiwafundanga amarobhothi; ilandele iresiphi.

Izindlela ezintathu amakilasi amarobhothi ehluleka ngazo

Ngaphambi kokubhalisa ingane yakho, kumele uqaphele amaphutha amathathu ajwayelekile esakhiwo aguqula ikilasi lobuchwepheshe obuphezulu libe iqembu lokudlala elibiza kakhulu:

• Ukushintshaniswa kwamakhithi njalo ngesonto: Abanye abahlinzeki bashintshana ngamathuluzi ahlukene—ibhola lerobhothi kuleli sonto, i-drone yekhadibhodi ngelizayo—ukuze bagcine izingane zijabule. Lokhu kuvimbela abafundi ekuluqondeni ngokuphelele noma yiluphi uhlelo olulodwa. Ubunjiniyela bangempela budinga ukujula, hhayi uhambo olungajulile lwezinto zikagesi zabathengi.
• Amaphrojekthi akhiwe uthisha: Ekilasini lemizuzu engama-45 elinabafundi abayi-15, uthisha ocindezelekile ukuba abonise "imiphumela" kubazali uvame ukuzenzela yena umsebenzi onzima. Uma isekhethi ingasebenzi, uthisha ushintsha ucingo. Uma ikhodi inephutha, uthisha uthayipha ukulungiswa. Ingane igoduka nerobhothi elisebenzayo kodwa ingenakho nhlobo ukuqonda ukuthi lisebenza kanjani.
• Isicaba sokubhala ikhodi ngamabhulokhi: Izilimi ezisekelwe emabhulokhini ezifana ne-Scratch ziyizindawo ezinhle zokungena, kodwa akuzona okuyiwa kuzo. Uma ingane eneminyaka eyishumi nanye isineminyaka emithathu yenza ukubhala ikhodi ngamabhulokhi ingadluleli ezilimini ezisekelwe embhalweni ezifana ne-Python noma i-C++, uhlelo lumile. Idlala umdlalo, ayifundi ukuhlela.

Ukubukeka kwenani langempela: amakhono amathathu adluliselekayo

Uma ikilasi lamarobhothi liqhutshwa kahle, inani alikho kurobhothi elibonakalayo ingane egoduka nalo (noma elishiya emuva). Inani likumamodeli engqondo abawakhayo. Uhlelo olusezingeni eliphezulu ludlulisela amakhono amathathu athile, abaluleke kakhulu:

• Ukubekezela ngokwehluleka (ukulungisa amaphutha): Ekubhaleni ikhodi, akukho okusebenza ngesikhathi sokuqala. Ikilasi elihle lifundisa ingane ukubona ukwehluleka hhayi njengokunqotshwa komuntu siqu, kodwa njengephuzu ledatha. Bafunda ukuhlukanisa okuguquguqukayo ngendlela ehlelekile ukuze bathole iphutha.
• Ukucabanga ngezinhlelo: Abafundi kumele baqonde ukuthi isofthiwe ixhumana kanjani nezingxenye zomshini. Uma irobhothi liphambukela kwesobunxele, ingabe kuyinkinga yemishini (isondo elixegayo), inkinga kagesi (ivolthi yebhethri ephansi kwenye i-motor), noma inkinga yesofthiwe (inani lesivinini se-motor elingalungile ekhodini)?
• Ukufunda iphutha: Esikhundleni sokuqagela, abafundi abanekhono bafunda ukufunda amaphutha e-compiler namalogi okuxilonga. Yilona kanye lelo mzuzu lapho ukufunda kwangempela kwenzeka khona.

Imibuzo emihlanu ongayibuza ngaphambi kokukhokha

Ukuze wehlukanise izinhlelo zemfundo zangempela ekudlaleni okubizayo, buza abahlinzeki ongabasebenzisa le mibuzo emihlanu:

1. Nikubhekana kanjani nokulungiswa kwamaphutha? Uma impendulo evamile kathisha kwisekhethi ephukile noma kwikhodi enephutha kuwukuyilungisela umfundi, hamba. Umhlinzeki omuhle ufundisa abafundi ukusebenzisa amathuluzi okuxilonga.
2. Siyini isilinganiso sokwakha kuya ekubhaleni ikhodi? Ukwakha i-chassis ebonakalayo kuyajabulisa, kodwa isisindo sengqondo sikwezokuhlela nakwezinto zikagesi. Uma bechitha u-80% wesikhathi sabo behlanganisa izitini zepulasitiki bese u-20% behudula bewisa amabhulokhi amathathu ekhodi, ukhokhela ukuhlanganiswa kweLego.
3. Bubukeka kanjani uhlelo lokuqhubekela phambili lwezinyanga ezingama-24? Buza ukuthi babadlulisa kanjani abafundi besuka ekuhleleni okubonakalayo okusekelwe emabhulokhini beya ezilimini ezisekelwe embhalweni ezifana ne-Python noma i-C++. Uma kungekho ndlela ecacile eya ekubhaleni ikhodi ngombhalo, ikharikhulamu ayijulile.
4. Nibhekana kanjani nemikhawulo yengqalasizinda yaseNingizimu Afrika? Uma ikharikhulamu incike ngokuphelele koxhumano lwe-inthanethi oluzinzile, olusheshayo ukuze kufinyelelwe kubahleli abasemafini, i-load shedding eyodwa noma ukuwa kwe-Wi-Fi yesikole kuzonakalisa isifundo. Bheka izinhlelo ezisebenzisa izindawo zokuthuthukisa ezikwazi ukusebenza ngaphandle kwe-inthanethi.
5. Ngingayibona iphrojekthi eyakhiwe umfundi ngokuphelele, kufaka phakathi ikhodi yakhe edidekile? Irobhothi elicolisisiwe, eliphelele livamise ukusho ukungenelela okukhulu kukathisha. Ufuna ukubona ikhodi edidekile, enemibhalo echazayo, ebhalwe ngumfundi ebonisa ukuxazulula izinkinga kwangempela.

Ukukufanelekela lokho okukhokhiwe

E-Sheen Robotics, sakha amakilasi ethu e-academy azungeze le mikhawulo nse. Asizifihli izingxenye ezididekile zobunjiniyela ngemuva kwamakhithi amathoyizi enziwe alula. Abafundi bethu basebenza ngama-microcontroller angempela, ama-breadboard, nekhodi esekelwe embhalweni ngoba sikholelwa ukuthi umzabalazo yilapho ikhono lakhelwa khona. Uma ufuna ukubona ukuthi silinganisa kanjani ukudlala okuhlelekile nokuqina kwezobuchwepheshe kwangempela, ungabhukha iseshini yokuqala ekhasini lethu le-Sheen Academy Trial, noma uhlole izindlela zethu zekharikhulamu ezikhuphukayo ku-Sheen Academy.

Amarobhothi angaba yimoto enamandla amakhulu yokukhula kwengqondo, kodwa kuphela uma siyeka ukuwaphatha njengomlingo. Uma ukhokhela ikilasi, qiniseka ukuthi ukhokhela umzabalazo wengqondo, hhayi ipulasitiki nje.