Uninzi lwabantwana lukulungele ukuqalisa ukukhowuda malunga neminyaka emithandathu, lusebenzisa iibhloko ezibonakalayo ezidityaniswe nehardware abanokuyibamba baze babukele isabela. Ungabeka isiseko esiluncedo kwangaphambili, ukusuka kwiminyaka emine, ngemidlalo engenaskrini. Iilwimi zombhalo ezinjengePython zidla ngokungena kakuhle ukusuka kwiminyaka elishumi ukuya kwelishumi elinesibini. Iminyaka ayibalulekanga njengendlela ekwenziwa ngayo: dibanisa izixhobo noko umntwana sele ekwazi ukukwenza ngezandla zakhe, ukufunda kwakhe kunye nexesha anokuhlala egxile ngalo.

Ngezantsi sikhokelo esihamba ngamaqela eminyaka malunga noko inqanaba ngalinye elinokukwenza ngokwenene, iimpawu zokuba umntwana ukulungele ukunyuka, kunye nezinto ekufanelekile ukuba uzitsibe. Sisebenzise njengemephu, kungekhona njengeshedyuli. Abantwana bafika kwinqanaba ngalinye ngexesha labo.

Iminyaka 4 ukuya kwe-6: izisekelo ezingenaskrini

Kule minyaka injongo kukucinga, kungekhona ukuchwetheza. Abantwana abancinci bakha iingcamango ukukhowuda okuxhomekeka kuzo kamva: ukubeka amanyathelo ngokulandelelana, ukubona iipatheni, nokuqonda ukuba isenzo esinye sibangela esinye. Akukho nanye kwezi nto ifuna ikhompyutha. Iirobhothi zomgangatho ezilula ezisebenza ngamaqhosha, imidlalo yokuthi "yalela umntu omdala" ehamba inyathelo ngenyathelo, kunye nemisebenzi yokuhlela nokulandelelanisa yenza owona msebenzi ubalulekileyo.

Yenza izifundo zibe mfutshane, malunga nemizuzu elishumi ukuya kwelishumi elinesihlanu, kwaye zibandakanye umzimba. Umntwana oneminyaka emine okwaziyo ukulandela umyalelo onamanyathelo amathathu nothanda amaphazili sele ekhowuda ngendlela ebalulekileyo. Iiskrini zingalinda. Into oyikhuselayo apha ngumdla wokufuna ukwazi, ngoko yiyeke umdlalo ukhokele.

Iminyaka 6 ukuya kwe-8: iibhloko nerobhothi yokuqala yokwenene

Le yeyona ndawo ilungileyo uninzi lwabazali olubuza ngayo. Xa efika kwiminyaka emithandathu, umntwana okwaziyo ukufunda amagama ambalwa aze ahlale nomsebenzi imizuzu engamashumi amabini ukulungele ukukhowuda ngeebhloko, apho utsala uze uxombelele iibhloko ezinemibala kunye endaweni yokuchwetheza. Akukho mpazamo zopelo zokukhubeka kuzo, ngoko umntwana uchitha amandla akhe kwingqiqo endaweni yolwakhiwo lwesivakalisi sekhowudi.

Irobhothiki yabantwana abaneminyaka emithandathu isebenza ngcono xa ikhowudi isenza kwenzeke into ephathekayo: isibane siyadanyaza, ihutha liyakhala, imotha iyajika. Loo mjikelo wempendulo, utshintshe ibhloko uze ubukele irobhothi isabela, kuko okwenza umbono ubambeke. Ibhodi eyenzelwe abaqalayo, njenge-sheenbot infinity, idibanisa ukukhowuda ngeebhloko neesenzi kunye neziphumo ukuze unxibelelwano phakathi kwekhowudi nehlabathi lokwenene lwenzeke kwangoko. Ukuba awuqinisekanga ukuba umntwana wakho ukulungele na, iklasi yovavanyo enye ikuxelela okungakumbi kunayo nayiphi na itshati yeminyaka.

Iminyaka 9 ukuya kwe-12: iiprojekthi zokwenene nokususa iimpazamo

Ukusuka malunga neminyaka esithoba, abantwana banokubamba umbono omkhulu ngakumbi ezingqondweni zabo baze bawakhe kwizifundo ezininzi. Kulapho imijikelo, iimeko ("ukuba oku, kulandele oku"), kunye neenguqu ziqala ukuba nengqiqo, nalapho kuvela khona esona sakhono sixabisekileyo kuzo zonke: ukususa iimpazamo. Ukufumanisa ukuba kutheni into ingazange yenze njengoko bekulindelekile, uze uyilungise ngokuzolileyo, kuxabiseke ngaphezu kwayo nayiphi na iprojekthi enye.

Nika eli qela ihardware efanelekileyo nemiyalelo evulekileyo. Irobhothi elandela umgca, umdlalo wokulinganisa isantya sokusabela, isikhululo semozulu esifunda isenzi size sibonise isiphumo. Bayakwazi ukucwangcisa, bakhe, bavavanye baze baphucule. Abaninzi kwaba bantwana bakulungele ukuqhubeka ekhaya ngekhithi phakathi kwezifundo.

Iminyaka 13 nangaphezulu: ikhowudi yombhalo nezakhiwo ezinkulu

Malunga neminyaka elishumi ukuya kwelishumi elinesibini, kwaye ngokukhululekileyo xa befika kwelishumi elinesithathu, uninzi lwabantwana lukulungele ukusuka kwiibhloko lusiya kwikhowudi esekelwe kumbhalo enjengePython. Olu tshintsho lubalulekile kuba umbhalo yindlela ebhalwa ngayo isoftware yokwenene, nakuba iiprojekthi ezinkulu zidlula koko iibhloko zinokukuchaza ngokukhululekileyo. Abakwishumi elivisayo banokwenza izakhiwo ezinamacandelo amaninzi, badibanise iisenzi ezininzi, baze baqale ukucinga ngendlela eyakhiwe ngayo ikhowudi yabo endaweni yokujonga nje ukuba iyasebenza na.

Ungalukhawulezisi olu tsibo. Umntwana otyhalelwa kumbhalo ingekaqini ingqiqo esisiseko udla ngokuma aze agqibe ekubeni ukukhowuda akukokwakhe. Iibhloko kuqala, umbhalo xa ingqondo sele ikulungele.

Iimpawu zokuba umntwana wakho ukulungele ukunyuka

Ukulunga kubonakala kwindlela yokuziphatha kudala ngaphambi kosuku lokuzalwa. Khangela ezi zinto:

• Bayakwazi ukulandela umyalelo onamanyathelo amaninzi ngaphandle kokuba inyathelo ngalinye liphindwe.
• Bahlala nomsebenzi obucukubhede endaweni yokuwulahla kwingxaki yokuqala.
• Babuza bathi "kutheni yenze njalo?" endaweni yokubuza kuphela ukuba "ilungile na?"
• Bayakuthanda ukuqhawula izinto ukuze babone ukuba zisebenza njani.
• Bayakwazi ukufunda amagama akwiibhloko okanye akwiskrini abasisebenzisayo.

Ukuba uninzi lwezi zinto luyinyaniso, iqela elilandelayo lifikelelekile. Ukuba akunjalo, akukho ngozi ekuhlaleni kwelo nqanaba uze ungene nzulu kulo. Isibindi esakhelwe kwinqanaba elifanelekileyo sidlula ukudimazeka kwelingafanelekanga.

Okufanele ukutsibe

Iimpazamo ezimbalwa eziqhelekileyo zithatha ixesha nomdla. Tsiba ii-app ezixhomekeke kakhulu kwiskrini kubantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka emithandathu; izinto ezibanjwayo zibalungela ngcono. Tsiba ukutsibela ngqo kwikhowudi yombhalo ngenxa yokuba umntwana "ekrelekrele"; ubukrelekrele nokukulungela ayizizo into enye. Tsiba iikhithi ezidulu ezineempawu ezingamashumi amahlanu xa umntwana eza kusebenzisa ezintlanu. Kwaye tsiba uxinzelelo lokukhetha isakhono esithile kwangethuba. Umntwana oneminyaka elishumi akadingi kukhetha phakathi kwerobhothiki, uyilo lwemidlalo nophuhliso lwewebhu. Ububanzi nokudlala ngoku kukhokelela ebunzulwini kamva.

Iiholide zesikolo ziyindlela enganyanzelisiyo yokuva amanzi ngaphandle kokuzibophelela kwikota epheleleyo. Iiworkshop zeeholide ezimfutshane, ezisekelwe kwiiprojekthi, zivumela umntwana azame ukwakha into yokwenene aze agoduke nayo, into edla ngokuba ngumzuzu apho umdla ubanjwa khona.

Isishwankathelo

Qalisa ukukhowuda ngeebhloko usebenzisa ihardware ngezandla malunga neminyaka emithandathu, ukugcine kuphathelele emzimbeni yaye kumfutshane kubantwana abancinci kakhulu, uze uyeke iilwimi ezisekelwe kumbhalo zilinde de ibe leminyaka elishumi ukuya kwelishumi elinesibini. Indawo yokungena efanelekileyo yileyo ihambelana nokufunda komntwana wakho, umonde kunye nezakhono zemisipha emincinci namhlanje, kungekhona iminyaka emiselweyo. Jonga iimpawu zokukulungela, landela isantya somntwana, uze uvumele iiprojekthi zibe nzima njengoko nokucinga kusiba nzulu.

Ngaba iminyaka emithandathu incinci kakhulu kwirobhothiki?

Hayi, ukuba nje indlela ekwenziwa ngayo iyafaneleka. Kwiminyaka emithandathu, ukukhowuda ngeebhloko okudityaniswe nerobhothi esabelayo, edanyazayo okanye eshukumayo kuyafaneleka. Kuphephe nantoni na efuna ukuchwetheza imiyalelo okanye ukufunda imiyalelo emide.

Umntwana wam uthanda imidlalo kodwa akakuthandi "ukukhowuda". Ngaba loo nto ibalulekile?

Akunjalo konke konke. Ukwakha umdlalo olula kukukhowuda. Abantwana abaninzi abathi abakuthandi ukukhowuda bachitha iyure bonwabile besenza isprite ishukume okanye ihutha lidlale ingoma. Qala kuloo nto sele beyithanda.

Ndingazi njani ukuba umntwana wam ungena kweliphi iqela?

Dibanisa izixhobo nokufunda kwabo kwangoku nokugxila kwabo, kungekhona iminyaka yabo, uze usebenzise uluhlu lokuhlola lokukulungela olungentla. Isifundo sovavanyo kwiakhademi yokukhowuda nerobhothiki yeyona ndlela ikhawulezayo yokubona ukuba bahlala phi ngokwendalo.