Akudingeki isakhiwo esithatha ikota yonke ukuze ufundise i-robotics yokwenene. Nganye kwiiprojekthi ezilishumi ezingezantsi idibanisa i-sensor enye ne-actuator enye, ifundise uluvo olunye olucacileyo, ize ingene kwisifundo esinye semizuzu engama-40 ukuya kwengama-60. Akukho nanye kuzo efuna izinto ezingaqhelekanga, yaye nganye inendlela yokuyenza ibe lula kumfundi osokolayo okanye ibe nzima kolowo ugqiba kwangoko.

Kutheni isifundo esinye, ingcamango enye isebenza

Iiprojekthi ezinkulu ezithatha iiveki ezininzi zivakala zibalasele, kodwa zilahlekelwa yinxalenye enkulu yeklasi endleleni. Umfundi ophoswa zizifundo ezibini akaphindi abambe, kwaye isakhiwo esingaze sigqitywe asifundisi mntu. Into encinci esebenzayo yeyona ingcono kunento enkulu esebenza esiqingatha.

Iiprojekthi zesifundo esinye zikulungisa oku ngeendlela ezintathu. Wonke umntu uhamba nento esebenzayo. Ukuzingela iimpazamo kuhlala kunemida, kuba yi-sensor enye ne-actuator enye kuphela enokuba nephutha. Kwaye iprojekthi nganye ibeka bucala ingcamango enye, ngoko ke unokuchaza ngqo okufundiweyo endaweni yokwalatha inqwaba yeentambo.

Isimo sesakhiwo semizuzu engama-40 ukuya kwengama-60

Phantse yonke iprojekthi ekolu luhlu ilandela isingqi esinye. Xa iklasi yakho sele isazi eso singqi, unokungenisa i-sensor entsha ne-actuator entsha veki nganye ngaphandle kokuphinda ufundise indlela ehanjwa ngayo.

• Imizuzu emi-5 yokuqala: bonisa into egqityiweyo isebenza. Akukho khowudi, sisiphumo kuphela. Sesi isirhintyelo.
• Imizuzu eli-10 elandelayo: nxiba i-sensor ne-actuator, uze uvavanye nganye yodwa. Isibane esidanyazayo ne-sensor eprinta inani. Akukho nto ikrelekrele okwangoku.
• Imizuzu engama-20 ukuya kwengama-25 ephakathi: yakha ingqiqo ngamanyathelo amancinci uze uvavanye emva kwenyathelo ngalinye. I-sensor iyafunda, kwenziwe isigqibo, i-actuator iphendule.
• Imizuzu eli-10 elandelayo: yahlula-hlula. Abagqiba kwangoko bafumana inguqulelo enzima engezantsi; nabani na oxakekileyo ufumana elula.
• Imizuzu emi-5 yokugqibela: qokelela izinto uze uphendule umbuzo omnye ngokuvakalayo. Buza ukuba i-sensor igqibe ntoni nokuba i-actuator yenze ntoni ngayo.

Iiprojekthi ezilishumi, iingcamango ezilishumi

Umqolo ngamnye sisifundo esipheleleyo. Ukudityaniswa kwenziwa ngabom: into enye engenayo, into enye ephumayo, uluvo olunye. Ikholam yokugqibela ibonisa indlela yokutshintsha ubunzima ngaphandle kokutshintsha iinxalenye.

Iprojekthi	I-sensor ukuya kwi-actuator	Ingcamango eyifundisayo	Elula / Enzima
Isikali sokusabela	iqhosha ukuya kwiskrini nakwi-buzzer	ii-variable nokukala ixesha	Elula: layita nje i-LED xa kucofwa. Enzima: gcina eyona ilungileyo kumalinge amahlanu.
Isibane sasebusuku esizenzekelayo	i-sensor yokukhanya ukuya kwi-LED	i-if/else enomda omiselweyo	Elula: umda omnye ongatshintshiyo. Enzima: yongeza isikhewu ukuze singadanyazi xa kuhlwa.
Isikhalisi sokupaka usiya emva	i-ultrasonic ukuya kwi-buzzer	ukuguqulela umgama kwisantya sokukhala	Elula: ukukhala kanye ngaphantsi kwe-10 cm. Enzima: ilizwi elingaphunyuziyo xa ikufuphi kakhulu.
I-theremin yokukhanya	i-sensor yokukhanya ukuya kwi-buzzer	ukulinganisela uluhlu olunye kolunye	Elula: amanqaku amathathu amiselweyo. Enzima: isikali somculo esipheleleyo.
Idayisi ye-elektroniki	iqhosha ukuya kwiskrini	amanani angahleliwe	Elula: bonisa inani elingu-1 ukuya ku-6. Enzima: zoba amachaphaza.
Isilawuli sezibane zendlela	isibali sexesha ukuya kwii-LED ezintathu	ulandelelwano neemeko	Elula: i-loop yexesha elingatshintshiyo. Enzima: yongeza iqhosha labahamba ngeenyawo.
Isikali se-servo	i-sensor yokukhanya okanye idayela ukuya kwi-servo	ulawulo olulinganayo	Elula: iindawo ezimbini. Enzima: ukushukuma okugudileyo okunemida yokuma.
Isibali sokugungqa	i-sensor yentshukumo ukuya kwiskrini	ukubala nokususa ukuphindaphindeka kweziganeko	Elula: bala nayiphi na intshukumo. Enzima: ungayihoyi imingcangcazelo emincinci.
Umqasheli wemibala	i-sensor yombala ukuya kwiskrini okanye kwi-LED	ukwahlula ngeendidi ngokuthelekisa	Elula: bomvu okanye hayi bomvu. Enzima: chaza imibala emine.
I-rover ephepha izithintelo	i-ultrasonic ukuya kwii-motor	i-loop yokuva, ukugqiba, ukwenza	Elula: yima eludongeni. Enzima: jika uze uqhubeke.

Apho ungaqala khona

Ukuba le yiklasi entsha, qala ngesibane sasebusuku esizenzekelayo. Yeyona i-if/else icacileyo inokubakho: funda inani, ulithelekise nomda, utshintshe into ephumayo. Xa abafundi sele beyithemba loo patheni, zonke ezinye iiprojekthi zilulwelo lwayo.

Isikali sokusabela sesona ufanele usibambe xa amandla esehla, kuba sikhuthaza ukhuphiswano ngoko nangoko yaye lonke uluvo lokugcina ixabiso kwi-variable lube nentsingiselo ngequbuliso. Ke i-rover ephepha izithintelo yeyona ikhunjulwa ngabafundi abaninzi, kuba kokokuqala umatshini ubonakala ngathi uzenzela isigqibo. Ngaphakathi yi-loop yokuva, ukugqiba, ukwenza kuphela emi embindini wayo yonke i-robotics. Kwiiklasi zethu ze-academy sizakha ezi kwibhodi ye-sheenbot∞, kodwa nawuphi na i-microcontroller enee-header ezifanayo ze-sensor neze-motor uza kuqhuba loo ngqiqo inye.

Lugcine luqhelekile uluhlu lweenxalenye

Yonke iprojekthi ekweli nqaku isebenza ngeenxalenye eziqhelekileyo: ii-LED nee-resistor ezimbalwa, i-buzzer enye, i-sensor enye ye-ultrasonic, i-sensor yokukhanya, i-sensor yombala, i-servo enye, ii-motor ezincinci ezimbini, iintambo ze-jumper, kunye nebhodi. Akukho nto apha inzima ukuyifumana, kwaye akukho nto ithengiswa ngumthengisi omnye kuphela.

Imithetho emibini esebenzayo igcina iseti yeklasi iphila. Thenga kabini izinto ezitshiphu eziphelayo, kuba ziintambo ze-jumper nee-LED ezona zisilelayo; beka bucala malunga ne-10 ukuya kwi-15 ekhulwini yexabiso lekhithi ukuze uthenge ezokutshintsha. Kwaye yenza zonke zifane. Iseti yeklasi yeekhithi ezilishumi ezifanayo ithetha ukuba umzobo omnye wokunxiba ukhonza igumbi lonke, yaye ukutshintsha ngexesha lesifundo kuthatha imizuzwana. Ungakha iikhithi ngeenxalenye ozifumana kwivenkile, okanye usebenzise nayiphi na inxalenye ehambelanayo osele unayo ekhabhathini.

Ukuzenza eklasini

Ezi zilishumi zisuka kwisampulu enye ukuya kwinkqubo epheleleyo. Iprojekthi enye yenza isifundo sokuzama esipheleleyo somntwana ogqiba ukuba i-robotics iyamfanela na. Iiprojekthi ezilishumi zizalisa ikota yeeklasi zeveki nganye, nganye inengcamango enye. Yaye njengoko kusondela iiholide zikaDisemba, ulandelelwano olufutshane lwazo lwenza i-workshop yeholide eqinileyo, apho usuku lunobude obwaneleyo bokwakha ezimbini okanye ezintathu kusekho nexesha lokuzaphula uze uzilungise.

Isishwankathelo

Khetha i-sensor enye, i-actuator enye, noluvo olunye. Yakha eyona nguqulelo incinci esebenzayo, uze uyenze inzime okanye ibe lula ukuze ifanele umfundi ophambi kwakho. Izifundo ezilishumi ezinjalo zifundisa i-robotics yokwenene ngaphezu kweprojekthi enye engaze igqitywe. Ukuze ufumane ezinye iingxelo zezakhiwo, hlala ujonge kwigumbi leendaba.

Zezabantwana abaneminyaka emingaphi ezi?

Uninzi lusebenza ukusuka malunga neminyaka elithoba ukunyuka. Abafundi abancinci baqhuba kakuhle ngesibane sasebusuku, ngedayisi nangezibane zendlela; i-rover, isikali se-servo nomqasheli wemibala zifanele amaqela amakhulu okanye anesibindi ngakumbi. Ikholam yokwahlula-hlula ikho ukuze iprojekthi enye ikwazi ukusebenza kwigumbi elineminyaka eyahlukeneyo.

Kuthekani ukuba iprojekthi igqitha ixesha?

Yima kwinqanaba elisebenzayo endaweni yokushiya inguqulelo enzima ingagqitywanga. Isibane sasebusuku esilayitayo sisifundo esigqityiweyo nokuba akukho mntu ufikelele kwinyathelo lokuthintela ukudanyaza. Phawula apho umfundi ngamnye ame khona uze ubavumele baqhubeke ngexesha elizayo, ekubeni iinxalenye nokunxitywa kwazo kungatshintshi.