Malunga neBanga lesi-8 okanye lesi-9, iirobhothi ziyasitshintsha isimo. Kwizikolo zamabanga aphantsi kubanjalo nje ukwenza into ikhanye okanye ihambe xa iyalelwa. Kumfundi wamabanga aphakamileyo, imiba enomdla ivulekile: yenza irobhothi iwele umgangatho ongalinganiyo, yahlule izinto ngokombala, okanye ugqibe umsebenzi phambi kokuba kukhale ihutha lokhuphiswano. Olo tshintsho, ukusuka ekulandeleni imiyalelo ukuya ekusombululeni iingxaki ekungekho mntu wakhe wazisombulula endaweni yakho, kulapho iirobhothi ziqala khona ukukhangeleka njengobunjineli bokwenene.

Ukuba umntwana wakho ofikisayo sele ekuthanda ukwakha kwaye efuna okungaphezu kwesikhwama esenza umlingo omnye, injongo ngoku bubunzulu: ikhowudi yombhalo, imihla yokugqibela yokwenene, imikhwa yobungcali, nomsebenzi anokuwubonisa kamva. Nantsi indlela oko kukhangeleka ngayo ekusebenzeni.

Bathetha ntoni "ubunjineli bokwenene" kumntu ofikisayo

Ubunjineli asisakhono esinye. Yityhubhu: chaza ingxaki, yila into, uyakhe, ubukele isilela, uze uyiphucule. Abafundi bamabanga aphakamileyo bakulungele lonke elo tyhubhu, hayi kuphela inxalenye ephakathi emnandi. Oko kuthetha ukubavumela ukuba baxhume iintambo ngendlela engeyiyo baze bazilungise, bafunde umyalezo wempazamo endaweni yokubuza impendulo, baze balinganise ukuba inguqulo yesibini ingcono ngokwenene na kuneyokuqala.

Izixhobo azibalulekanga ngaphezu kwendlela yokucinga. Ibhodi enye ye-microcontroller, izivamvo neemotor ezimbalwa, kunye nesizathu sokwenene sokuphinda uzame, ziya kufundisa ngaphezu kwesikhwama esibiza kakhulu esisetyenziswe kanye. Into oyithengayo asiyoplastiki; linani lamaxesha umntwana wakho ofikisayo awafumanayo okuzama, ukwaphula nokulungisa into.

Ukusuka kwiibhloko ukuya kwikhowudi yokwenene

Ukubhala ikhowudi ngeebhloko yindlela elungileyo yokungena, kodwa abafikisayo bayayikhula. Inyathelo elilandelayo elizenzekelayo yiPython, ingakumbi iMicroPython, inguqulo yePython ebaleka ngqo kwii-microcontroller ezincinci. Ikhangeleka iphantse ifane nePython esetyenziswa kwisayensi yedatha nakwiwebhu, ngoko akukho nto ilahlekayo: umfundi obhala iMicroPython ukuze afunde isivamvo somgama ubhala iPython yokwenene.

Iibhodi ezifana ne-sheenbot∞ zibaleka iMicroPython, ngoko umfundi angaqala ngeebhloko aze atshintshele kumbhalo kwizixhobo ezizezinye xa esekulungele. Ngomzuzu umfikisayo achwetheza ngawo i-loop yakhe yokuqala aze abukele imotor iphendula, into ebingabonakali iba yinto ephathekayo. Ukusuka apho, iingcinga eziqhelekileyo zePython, ii-function, ii-list, ii-conditional nexesha, zonke zinesizathu esiphathekayo sokubakho endaweni yokuba zibe ngumsebenzi wencwadi.

Ukhuphiswano lujika ukuziqhelanisa kube yinto enemiphumela

Akukho nto ilola ubunjineli njengomhla wokugqibela nomgwebi. Ukhuphiswano lweerobhothi lunika abafikisayo into iprojekthi yasekhaya engafane iyinike: ingxaki emiselweyo, umda oqatha wexesha, namanye amaqela okuzithelekisa nawo. Ukuthembeka kuba balulekile ngequbuliso. Irobhothi esebenza izihlandlo ezisithoba kwezilishumi yirobhothi eya kusilela kubaleko lweshumi phambi kwabagwebi, kwaye abafundi bakhawuleza bafunde ukuyilela oko.

Ukhuphiswano lukwafundisa iinxalenye zobunjineli ezingeyiyo ikhowudi: ukwahlula umsebenzi phakathi kweqela, ukugcina incwadi yobunjineli, ukubonisa uyilo kubantu ongabaziyo, nokumelana nokudana kokubaleka okuhambe kakubi. Ezo zakhono ziyadluliseleka nakuyiphi na indawo yokusebenza. Nokuba iqela liyaphumelela okanye alaphumeleli, isizini ishiya amalungu alo enakho ngaphezu kokuqala kwawo.

Yakha iphothifoliyo, hayi imfumba yezikhwama

Irobhothi egqityiweyo esesitfini ingqina okuncinci emva kweenyanga ezimbalwa. Iphothifoliyo ingqina okuninzi. Khuthaza umfikisayo wakho ukuba abhale ngeeprojekthi njengoko eqhuba: incwadana emfutshane yengxaki, iifoto okanye ikliphu emfutshane yolwakhiwo, ikhowudi ngokwayo, kunye nenqaku elinyanisekileyo malunga noko angakutshintsha ngexesha elizayo. Kwiminyaka emibini okanye emithathu oku kuba bubungqina bokwenene.

Oku kubaluleke ngaphaya kwesikolo. Izicelo zaseyunivesithi, udliwanondlebe lwebhasari, nemisebenzi yokuqala zisiya zicela ukubona into umntu omtsha ayenzileyo ngokwenene. Umfikisayo onokwalatha kwiiprojekthi ezintathu ezibhaliweyo, ezinekhowudi esebenzayo nengcaciso ecacileyo yezinto ekwafuneka azincame, uvelela kakhulu kunalowo unamanqaku amahle kodwa engenanto ayibonisayo.

Imikhwa yobungcali efanele ukufundiswa kwangethuba

Umsantsa phakathi komntu owenza ngokuzonwabisa nonjineli ubukhulu becala yimikhwa. Isikolo samabanga aphakamileyo lixesha elifanelekileyo lokuyakha, ngoxa iiprojekthi zisezincinci kangangokuba iimpazamo azibizi. Nazi ezimbalwa ezihlawula ngokukhawuleza:

• Ulawulo lweenguqulo. Fundisa izisekelo ze-git: gcina iinguqulo ezisebenzayo, bhala inqaku elifutshane kutshintsho ngalunye, kwaye ungaze uyicime into eyodwa ebisebenza. Nokuba isetyenziswa ngokulula, iwuphelisa umbhodamo we-"final_final_v3" kwaye ifanisa indlela asebenza ngayo amaqela esoftwe okwenene.
• Ikhowudi efundekayo. Amagama anengqiqo, ii-function ezimfutshane, nenqaku elichaza ukuba kutheni endaweni yokuchaza ukuba yintoni. Ikhowudi ifundwa kaninzi kunokuba ibhalwe.
• Ukuvavanya into enye ngexesha. Tshintsha into enye, ubukele, uze utshintshe elandelayo. Kuvakala kucotha kodwa kugqiba ngokukhawuleza.
• Ilog yobunjineli. Inqaku eliqhubekayo lokuba yintoni ezanyiweyo nokuba kwenzeke ntoni. Ngumahluko phakathi kokufunda nokudlala nje ngezinto.
• Ukusebenzisa kwakhona ngengqiqo. Funda i-datasheet, uboleke ilayibrari, uze uyinike udumo. Ukwazi into ongafanele uyakhe ukusuka ekuqaleni sisakhono sobunjineli ngokwaso.

Zikhokelela phi iirobhothi emva kwesikolo

Iirobhothi lucango olubanzi. IPython umfikisayo ayibhalayo ukuze alawule imotor yile nkqubo inye isetyenziswa kwisoftwe, kwidatha nakwimfundo yoomatshini. I-elektroniki ikhomba kubunjineli bombane nakobe-mechatronic. Ukusombulula iingxaki nokusebenza njengeqela kufanelana phantse nawo nawuphi na umsebenzi wobuchwepheshe. Nkqu nabafundi abangaze bagqibele bekubunjineli bemka bekwazi ukwahlula ingxaki ebhidileyo ibe ngamanyathelo, into eluncedo naphi na.

Injongo ayikokugqiba ngomsebenzi womntu oneminyaka eli-15. Kukumnika amava aneleyo okwenyani ukuze akhethe ngobungqina endaweni yokukhetha ngencwadana yentengiso. Umfikisayo osele elungise iimpazamo kwikhowudi yakhe ebusuku phambi kokhuphiswano wazi into ngaye engenakuxelelwa nasiluvo saluphi na uvavanyo lwesakhono.

Ukuqalisa

Akufuneki ube newekshophu yakho. Ibhodi enamandla, izinto ezimbalwa neprojekthi yokwenene zanele ukuqala, kwaye inkqubo ecwangcisiweyo iyanceda ukuba ukuzikhokela kunzima kule minyaka. I-sheen academy iqhuba iiklasi zokubhala ikhowudi nezeerobhothi ezijoliswe kweli nqanaba, kwaye iiworkshop zeeholide zesikolo zasebusika eziqhutywa kuJulayi zizindlela ezingafuni kuzibophelela kangako zokuvavanya ukuba kuyamhambela na phambi kokuba uzibophelele ikota epheleleyo. Ukuba ungathanda ukuqala ekhaya, ibhodi enye nesikhwama esivela kwivenkile zanele kwiprojekthi yokuqala eyingqale.

Isishwankathelo

Iirobhothi zamabanga aphakamileyo zifanelwe kukwenziwa ngendlela efanelekileyo. Tyhala udlule kwinqanaba lezinto zokudlala uye kwikhowudi yokwenene yePython, kukhuphiswano olunemiphumela yokwenene, kwiphothifoliyo ebhaliweyo, nakwimikhwa yobungcali eyahlula unjineli kumntu odlala ngezixhobo. Qhubeka noko iminyaka emibini okanye emithathu kwaye umntwana wakho ofikisayo akayi kuba wakhe iirobhothi kuphela. Uya kuba wakhe ubungqina bendlela acinga ngayo.

Imibuzo eqhelekileyo

Ingaba umntwana wam ofikisayo kufuneka aqale abe qina kwimathematika?

Hayi. Ukubala okusisiseko kwanele ukuqala, kwaye iirobhothi zihlala ziyiphucula imathematika ngokuyinika injongo, kuba ii-engile, iireshiyo nexesha kuba nesiqhamo ngequbuliso. Imathematika inzula ihambe kunye neeprojekthi endaweni yokuzithintela.

Ingaba sekusemva kakhulu ukuqala kwiBanga le-10 okanye le-11?

Nakanye. Abafikisayo abadala badla ngokuhamba ngokukhawuleza kuba sele befunda becinga kakuhle. Into ebalulekileyo kukuqala ngeeprojekthi zokwenene nangekhowudi yombhalo kamsinya, endaweni yokuchitha unyaka kwiibhloko. Iklasi emfutshane yokuzama okanye iworkshop yeholide yindlela enengqiqo yokufumanisa ukuba iyabafanela na.