Izikolo ezijonga ngaphaya kweLEGO kwiirobhothi ngokuqhelekileyo azonwabanga ngayo iLEGO ngokwayo. Zibambene nebhajethi ngomfundi ngamnye, nexabiso lokutshintsha amacandelo alahlekileyo, okanye nokukhathazeka okuthe cwaka ngokuthi iplatifomu iza kuhlala ixesha elingakanani ithengiswa. Olu luthelekiso olunyanisekileyo lweentsapho ezimbini ezibanzi zeerobhothi zesikolo, iikhithi zenkqubo yokwakha kunye neeplatifomu ezijolise kwi-elektroniki, kwizinto ezigqiba ngokwenene i-odolo yokuthenga: ixabiso ngomfundi ngamnye, amacandelo okutshintsha, ikharityhulam, ukuzinza, kunye nomngcipheko wobude bexesha.

Ngamafutshane

• Iikhithi zenkqubo yokwakha ezinjengeLEGO Spike Prime ne-VEX IQ ziqala msinya kwaye zinyamezela ukuphathwa kakubi, kodwa zibiza ngakumbi ngomfundi ngamnye yaye zikubophelela kumacandelo omthengisi omnye.
• Iiplatifomu ezijolise kwi-elektroniki ezinjenge-BBC micro:bit ne-Arduino zibiza kancinci ngomfundi ngamnye zifundise ukuxhuma iintambo nekhowudi yokwenene, kodwa zifuna okungakumbi kutitshala xa kusetwa.
• Inani eligqiba uninzi lweebhajethi lixabiso ngomfundi ngamnye kwiminyaka emithathu, hayi ixabiso elishicilelwe kwibhokisi enye.
• Umngcipheko wobude bexesha wokwenene. ILEGO sele yazivala ngaphambili iimveliso zeerobhothi, ngoko khetha iplatifomu onokuthi usathenge amacandelo ayo okutshintsha emva kweminyaka emihlanu.
• Hlala neLEGO xa ootitshala bakho sele beyazi, xa izifundo zakho zimfutshane, okanye xa abafundi bakho besebancinci kakhulu. Jonga kwenye indawo xa ibhajethi ngomfundi ngamnye okanye indlela eya kwikhowudi yokwenene ibaluleke ngakumbi.

Iindlela ezimbini zokwakha irobhothi yegumbi lokufundela

Phantse yonke imveliso yeerobhothi zesikolo ikwelinye lamaqela amabini.

Iikhithi zenkqubo yokwakha zixhomekisa yonke into kwinkqubo yokwakha yeplastikhi. ILEGO Spike Prime neMindstorms, i-VEX IQ, neFischertechnik zonke zisebenza ngale ndlela. Imiqadi, iipini nezixhumanisi ziyaqhagamshelana, iimoto nee-sensor ziplagwa kwihabhu, aze abantwana bacwangcise ihabhu ngethebhulethi okanye ngelaptop. Amandla ayo sisantya. Umfundi unokusuka kwibhokisi yamacandelo aye kwirobhothi ehambayo kwisifundo esinye, kungekho ntambo zikhululekileyo yaye kungekho nto ifuna ukutshiselwa.

Iiplatifomu ezijolise kwi-elektroniki ziqala ngebhodi encinci enokucwangciswa namacandelo okwenene. I-BBC micro:bit, i-Arduino, i-Raspberry Pi Pico, neebhodi ezifanayo zezalapha. Uxhuma iimoto, ii-sensor nezibane kwibhodi, ngamanye amaxesha kwisakhelo ngamanye amaxesha kwi-breadboard, uze uyicwangcise ngeebhloko okanye ngePython. Amandla ayo kukunyaniseka. Oko abafundi bakuxhumayo bakukhowude kusondele kwinto injineli eyenzayo ngokwenene.

Akukho qela lingcono kunelinye ngokubanzi. Ngalinye lingcono kumagumbi, kwiithayimtheyibhile nakwiinjongo ezahlukeneyo.

Ixabiso ngomfundi ngamnye, hayi ixabiso elikwibhokisi

Ixabiso elibhalwe kwikhithi enye lelinye inani elingafanelekanga ukuthelekiswa. Okubalulekileyo kukuba kubiza malini ukubeka umfundi omnye phambi kwezixhobo ezisebenzayo, nokuba oko kusasazeka njani kwiminyaka embalwa yeeklasi.

Iikhithi zenkqubo yokwakha zibiza ngaphezulu ngenxa yamacandelo abunjiweyo nangenxa yenkqubo evaliweyo. Iikhithi ezijolise kwi-elektroniki zihlala zishipu kwiyunithi nganye kuba ibhodi namacandelo ambalwa awadingi nkqubo ipheleleyo yokwakha ejikeleze kuwo. Kodwa isikolo kunqabile ukuba sithenge ikhithi enye kumntwana ngamnye. Ipatheni eqhelekileyo yisethi yeklasi yeekhithi ezimalunga neshumi eyabelwanayo yiklasi yabafundi abangamashumi amathathu ngokutshintshana, into etshintsha izibalo kuwo omabini amaqela.

Xa ubala ixabiso ngomfundi ngamnye, sasaza ixabiso lekhithi kwiminyaka emithathu yabafundi, uze wongeze amacandelo okutshintsha kunye naziphi na iintlawulo zesoftware okanye zelifu. Ngaloo ndlela yokujonga, isikhewu phakathi kwamaqela omabini sihlala sisincinci kunokuba ixabiso lasevenkileni libonisa, kuba ikhithi eqinileyo yenkqubo yokwakha ilahlekelwa ngamacandelo ambalwa ngelixa ikhithi ye-elektroniki eshiphu ifuna izinto ezininzi zokutshintsha. Yenza esi sibalo ngobungakanani beeklasi zakho ngaphambi kokuba ugqibe.

Amacandelo okutshintsha, ukwaphuka, nendleko yokusebenza engabekelwa mali mntu

Yonke inkqubo yeerobhothi inendleko yokusebenza, kwaye ngumgca abawulibalayo abaninzi abathenga okokuqala. Cwangcisela ukubekela bucala malunga nesinye kwishumi ukuya kwisinye kwesihlanu sexabiso lekhithi minyaka le kwizinto zokutshintsha, nangaphezulu kwigumbi lokufundela lamabanga aphantsi elixakekileyo.

Amaqela omabini asilela ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo. Amacandelo enkqubo yokwakha aqinile, kodwa mancinci yaye ayaduka. Intambo enye ye-sensor elahlekileyo okanye isixhumanisi somthengisi othile inokumisa ikhithi iphela, kwaye unokuthenga into yokutshintsha kumboneleli omnye kuphela. Amacandelo e-elektroniki aphuka rhoqo ngakumbi, kuba intambo ye-jumper okanye imoto eshiphu ilula ukonakala kunomqadi obunjiweyo, kodwa izinto zokutshintsha zizinto eziqhelekileyo onokuzifumana kubathengisi abaninzi uze uzigcine kwidrowa. Enye indlela ineentsilelo ezimbalwa ezibizayo nezicotha ukulungiswa. Enye ineentsilelo ezininzi ezishiphu nezikhawulezayo ukulungiswa. Dibanisa oko nendlela isikolo sakho esinokuwafumana ngokukhawuleza ngayo amacandelo, into ethi eMzantsi Afrika ithethe iiveki zokuthunyelwa kwecandelo elifumaneka kumthengisi omnye kuphela.

Ikharityhulam: uza kufundisa ntoni ngokwenene?

Ikhithi ilunge kanye njengezifundo ezijikeleze kuyo. Zibuze ukuba ufuna umfundi ahambe ekwazi ukwenza ntoni.

Iikhithi zenkqubo yokwakha zikhazimla kwiindlela zokusebenza nakwindlela yokucinga yoyilo. Iigiya, imilinganiselo, izakhiwo, nokuphinda-phinda kulwakhiwo olubambekayo yindawo yazo, kwaye ukukhowuda kuhlala kakuhle phezu koko. Iiplatifomu ezijolise kwi-elektroniki zikhazimla kunxibelelwano phakathi kwekhowudi, umbane, nehlabathi elibambekayo. Abafundi bahlangana nezinto ezingenayo neziphumayo, nee-sensor nemida, nengcamango yokuba inkqubo ilawula i-voltage yokwenene. Zombini zinokufundisa ii-loop, iimeko, nemisebenzi ngokugqibeleleyo, yaye zombini zihambelana namacandelo okukhowuda neerobhothi izikolo eziwamilisela phantsi kwe-CAPS.

Inqubelo-phambili ibalulekile njengendawo yokuqala. Qinisekisa ukuba iplatifomu oyikhethileyo ivumela umfundi ukuba asuke kwiibhloko aye kulwimi lombhalo lokwenene kwizixhobo ezizezinye, ukuze irobhothi ayaziyo ingalahlwa xa ukukhowuda kukhula. Iplatifomu ephelela kwiibhloko iza kukubiza ukuthenga okwesibini kamva.

Ukuzinza nomngcipheko wobude bexesha

Ukuzinza kumalunga nekhithi esinda ikota. Umngcipheko wobude bexesha umalunga neplatifomu esinda ishumi leminyaka, kwaye yeyona nto izikolo zingayiniki ngqalelo yaneleyo.

Iiplatifomu zeerobhothi ziyayekiswa. ILEGO sele yazivala ngaphambili iimveliso zeerobhothi, yashiya amagumbi okufundela enezixhobo angasenako ukuzandisa nesoftware eyeka kancinci kancinci ukuhlaziywa. Xa oko kusenzeka utyalo-mali lwakho aluyeki ukusebenza ngobusuku obunye, kodwa luyeka ukukhula, baze abafundi abatsha bafumane indlela evalekileyo. Phambi kokuba wenze isikolo siphela sisebenzise iplatifomu enye, buza ukuba umthengisi uzibophelele ukuyithengisa ixesha elingakanani, ukuba amacandelo okutshintsha aya kuphila ixesha elide kunemveliso na, nokuba izakhono ziyadluliseka na ukuba kufuneka utshintshe. Ibhodi evulekileyo, esetyenziswa ngokubanzi, inomngcipheko omncinci kunowemveliso ephambili yomthengisi omnye, ngenxa nje yokuba baninzi abantu abaxhomekeke ekufumanekeni kwayo.

Uthelekiso lucaleni ngecala

Ingena phi ibhodi ejolise kwi-elektroniki efana ne-sheenbot

Kulapho amiswe khona ezethu izixhobo, ngoko koku kufunde njengenye indlela phakathi kwezininzi endaweni yesigwebo. Ibhodi ye-sheenbot infinity yiplatifomu ejolise kwi-elektroniki eyakhelwe amagumbi okufundela aseMzantsi Afrika, kwaye ijolise ngqo kuloo migudu yokulinganisa ingasentla: ixabiso elisezantsi ngomfundi ngamnye, amacandelo okutshintsha aqhelekileyo onokuwagcina kwidrowa, kunye nebhodi enye eqhuba zombini iibhloko neMicroPython ukuze abafundi bangatyhalelwa kwizixhobo ezitsha xa ukukhowuda kwabo kukhula. Ukuba ungathanda ukuvavanya le ngcamango phambi kokuchitha imali, isimyuleyitha yebhrawuza ivumela iklasi iphela ukuba ibhale ize iqhube iinkqubo zokwenene kungekho khithi kwaphela, yaye izikolo ezikhula ngaphaya kwesethi yegumbi lokufundela zinokuthwala izakhono ezifanayo ziye kwindlela yokhuphiswano lwe-FTC. Isifundo sovavanyo sasimahla yindlela enomngcipheko omncinci yokubukela abafundi besebenzisa iplatifomu ngokwenene phambi kokuba kuthunyelwe i-odolo yokuthenga.

Ngubani ekufuneka esathenga iLEGO

ILEGO ihlala ilukhetho oluqinileyo, kwaye ukutshintsha ngenxa nje yokutshintsha kuchitha ixesha. Hlala nayo xa ezininzi zezi zinto zilandelayo ziyinyaniso:

• Ootitshala bakho sele beqeqeshelwe yona yaye bazithembile, kwaye ukubaqeqesha kwakhona kungayimisa inkqubo.
• Izifundo zakho zimfutshane, ngoko ukusetwa okukhawulezayo kwenkqubo yokwakha kubuyisa ixesha lokufundisa lokwenene.
• Abafundi bakho basebancinci, yaye ukuqhagamshela amacandelo kukhuselekile yaye akuxaki njengamacandelo akhululekileyo.
• Ugxile kwiindlela zokusebenza nakuyilo endaweni ye-elektroniki nokukhowuda okusekelwe kumbhalo.
• Sele unotyalo-mali olukhulu kumacandelo, kwaye inkqubo isazifezekisa iinjongo zakho.

Injongo yolu thelekiso ayikokukususa kwiLEGO. Kukuqinisekisa ukuba ukhetho lwenziwe ngenjongo yaye lubalelwe iindleko, endaweni yokuba lube yinto nje ozifumene usiwa kuyo.

Imibuzo ebuzwa rhoqo

Ingaba ikhithi yeerobhothi eshiphu iyonga ngokwenene?

Ayisiyiyo ngokuzenzekelayo. Ikhithi ejolise kwi-elektroniki eshiphu inokubiza ngaphezulu kumacandelo okutshintsha ukuba amacandelo aphuka rhoqo yaye isikolo sakho sicotha ukuwaodola kwakhona, okanye inokubiza kancinci ukuba izinto zokutshintsha zizinto eziqhelekileyo ozigcinileyo. Bala ixabiso ngomfundi ngamnye kwiminyaka emithathu kubandakanya namacandelo okutshintsha, uze impendulo enyanisekileyo iphume kumanani akho.

Ingaba kuza kufuneka siqeqeshe kwakhona bonke ootitshala bethu?

Abanye, kodwa bambalwa kunokuba usoyika ukuba usiya kwiplatifomu egcina iibhloko njengendawo yokungena. Ootitshala abazithembileyo ekukhowudeni ngeebhloko badlulisela olo lwazi ngokuthe ngqo, yaye banokufunda izixhobo ezitsha bekunye neklasi yabo yokuqala. Bekela bucala ikota enye apho iiplatifomu endala nentsha ziqhuba khona ngaxeshanye.

Kuthekani ngeerobhothi eziyekiswayo?

Khetha iiplatifomu ezinabasebenzisi abaninzi namacandelo okutshintsha aphila ixesha elide kunemveliso. Buza umthengisi ukuba uzibophelela ukuthengisa izixhobo namacandelo azo ixesha elingakanani. Ibhodi evulekileyo, esetyenziswa ngokubanzi, ikhuselekile ngakumbi kunemveliso ephambili yomthengisi omnye kuba baninzi kakhulu abantu abaxhomekeke ekuqhubekeni kwayo ithengiswa.

Singazixuba iiplatifomu kwisikolo esinye?

Ewe, kwaye izikolo ezininzi ziyakwenza oko. Ukwahlula okuqhelekileyo kukusebenzisa iikhithi zenkqubo yokwakha kumabanga aselula apho ukusetwa ngokukhawuleza kubaluleke khona kakhulu, nebhodi ejolise kwi-elektroniki kumabanga aphezulu apho ukukhowuda kokwenene neebhajethi ezinqabileyo kuthatha khona indawo. Kodwa phepha ukuqhuba iiplatifomu ezingaphezu kwezimbini ngaxeshanye, kuba yonke inkqubo eyongezelelweyo yandisa uqeqesho namacandelo okutshintsha.

Sizama njani phambi kokuzibophelela ngebhajethi?

Sebenzisa isimyuleyitha okanye isifundo sovavanyo phambi kokuba uthengele isikolo siphela izixhobo. Ukuqhuba inkqubo yokwenene kwibhrawuza, okanye ukubukela iklasi enye isebenzisa ikhithi emva kwemini, kukuxelela okungakumbi ngokufaneleka kunalo naliphi na iphepha leenkcukacha. Uze uthumele i-odolo yokuthenga emva koko kuphela.