Ukucinga ngekhompyutha yinkqubo yengqondo yokuyila izisombululo; ukukhowuda ngumsebenzi wesandla wokuguqulela ezo zisombululo kulwimi ekhompyutha eluqondayo. Kangangeminyaka, imfundo ye-ICT yayizithatha njengento enye. Kodwa ukunyuka kobukrelekrele bokwenziwa obuyilayo kuzahlule kakhulu.

Namhlanje, ukufunda ngentloko isintaksi yenkqubo likhono elehla ixabiso ngesantya. I-AI inokubhala ikhowudi ecocekileyo yePython, yeC++, okanye yeScratch ngeemilliseconds. Into engenakuyenza i-AI kukuqonda ingxaki yomntu, ukuyahlula ibe ngamanyathelo asengqiqweni, nokugqiba ukuba yintoni le kufuneka yakhiwe kwasekuqaleni. Oko kukucinga ngekhompyutha, kwaye kuphela kwenxalenye yesibalo 'sekhowudi neerobhothiki' esisaqinisekisa ixabiso lexesha elide kubafundi baseMzantsi Afrika.

Umahluko, ngaphandle kwamagama obungcali

Ukuze uqonde lo mahluko, khawucinge ngomngeni wokwenene weklasi yaseMzantsi Afrika: ukulawula ilebhu yeekhompyutha yesikolo ngexesha lokucinywa kombane kwiNqanaba 4. Injongo kukuqinisekisa ukuba abafundi abangama-40 bayakwazi ukugcina umsebenzi wabo baze bacime iikhompyutha zabo ngokukhuselekileyo ngaphambi kokuba iibhetri ze-inverter ziphele.

Ukusombulula le ngxaki kufuna ukucinga ngekhompyutha. Kufuneka:

• Wahlule ingxaki: Wahlule umngeni ube ziziqwenga. Zitsala amandla amangakanani iikhompyutha? Zihlala ixesha elingakanani iibhetri? Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukucima ngokukhuselekileyo?
• Bona iipatheni: Qaphela ukuba abafundi abancinci bathatha imizuzu emihlanu ukugcina nokuphuma, ngelixa abafundi abadala bethatha emibini.
• Shiya iinkcukacha ezingabalulekanga: Ungakhathali ngophawu lweekhompyutha okanye ngombala weedesika; gxila kuphela ekusetyenzisweni kwamandla nakwimida yexesha.
• Yila i-algorithm: Yenza umthetho onamanyathelo alandelelanayo: 'Ukuba umthamo webhetri wehla ufike kwi-20%, khupha isilumkiso esibonakalayo. Ukuba wehla ufike kwi-10%, qalisa ukugcinwa kwedatha kwilifu ngokuzenzekelayo uze uyicime ikhompyutha.'

Xa lakhiwe olu lwakhiwo lwengqiqo, sowuyisombululile ingxaki. Ukukhowuda linyathelo lokugqibela nje lobugcisa lokubhala loo algorithm ngePython okanye ngekhowudi esekelwe kwiibhloko ukuze isoftware yokulawula ilebhu yeekhompyutha ikwazi ukuyiqhuba. Ukucinga ngekhompyutha luyilo lwesakhiwo; ukukhowuda kukubeka izitena.

Kutheni i-AI itshintshe ixabiso lazo zombini

Kule minyaka ilishumi idlulileyo, ibali lemfundo ehlabathini beliluthi 'wonke umntu kufuneka afunde ukukhowuda.' Iibootcamp nezikolo bezigxile kakhulu kwisintaksi: ukufunda ngentloko apho kubekwa khona ii-semicolon, indlela yokuchaza ii-variable, nendlela yokubhala ii-loop. Eli lalisoloko lisicwangciso elibuthathaka, kodwa i-AI eyilayo iliphelisile.

Ukuba ucela iLarge Language Model (LLM) yale mihla ukuba ibhale iskripthi sePython esibeka iliso kumanqanaba eebhetri size sicime inkqubo, iya kuvelisa ikhowudi engenasiphene ngoko nangoko, simahla. Isakhono sokuguqulela umyalelo ocacileyo kwisintaksi senziwa yimatshini ngoku. Ngenxa yoko, ixabiso loqoqosho 'lomkhowudi ocwengileyo'—umntu okwaziyo kuphela ukuguqulela imiyalelo ibe yikhowudi—liyawa.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ixabiso lomntu okwaziyo ukuqulunqa loo miyalelo linyuke kakhulu. Ukuze ufumane isiphumo esiluncedo kwi-AI, umphuhlisi kufuneka achaze ngokuchanekileyo okungenayo, okuphumayo, imiqobo, kunye neemeko ezisemaphethelweni zenkqubo. Kufuneka acinge ngekhompyutha. Ukuba awukwazi ukuyahlula ingxaki ngokwakho, awunakukwazi ukuyalela i-AI ukuba ikusombululele yona.

"Ukufundisa abantwana ukukhowuda kuqala ngesintaksi kwixesha le-AI kufana nokubafundisa iitheyibhile zokwahlula ezinde ungakhathali ukuba izibalo zisetyenziselwa ntoni ngokwenene. Sibalungiselela ihlabathi elingasekhoyo."

Imeko yokwenene kwiiklasi zaseMzantsi Afrika

Lo mahluko asiyonto yakwaphando nje kuphela; unefuthe elikhulu kwindlela esiyimisela ngayo ikharityhulam yeCAPS yekhowudi neerobhothiki yeSebe leMfundo esiSiseko. Izikolo ezininzi zaseMzantsi Afrika zijongene nokunqongophala okukhulu kwezibonelelo: iibhajethi ezimfutshane, iitroli zeelaptop ezabelwana ngazo, i-intanethi engazinzanga, kunye nombane ongathembekanga.

Ukuba isikolo sichaza inkqubo yaso yeerobhothiki 'ngexesha elichithwa kuchwetheza ikhowudi kwiskrini,' siya kusokola. Xa umbane ucima okanye i-Wi-Fi ingasebenzi, isifundo siyayeka. Ngaphezu koko, ukuthengela umfundi ngamnye ilaptop akwenzeki ngokwezimali kuninzi lwezikolo zethu.

Kodwa xa ugxila ekucingeni ngekhompyutha, le miqobo iyalawuleka. Ukucinga ngekhompyutha kunokufundiswa 'ngaphandle kombane.' Abafundi banokuyila ii-algorithm besebenzisa amakhadi abambekayo, bazobe ii-logic gate ebhodini, okanye balungise iimpazamo kwiinkqubo ezibambekayo ngesandla. Ngexesha bathi bahlale phantsi kwikhompyutha, ababi sachitha ixesha eliyinqabileyo leskrini bezama ukuqonda ukuba ikholoni ibekwa phi; basebenzisa ikhompyutha ukwenza isisombululo abasele besiyilile.

Indlela yokufundisa oko kubalulekileyo ngokwenene

Ukuze balungiselele abafundi ikamva, izikolo nabazali kufuneka batshintshe ukugxila kwabo, basuke kwizifundo ezigxile kwisintaksi baye ekucingeni ngenkqubo iphela. Nantsi indlela yokwenza olo tshintsho:

Ukugxila kwakudala 'ekufundeni ukukhowuda'	Ukugxila 'ekucingeni ngekhompyutha' okulungele ikamva
Ukufunda ngentloko imiyalelo yePython nemithetho yesintaksi.	Ukuqonda ngokwengqiqo ii-logic gate, ii-loop, kunye neengxelo ezixhomekekayo.
Ukwakha iiprojekthi eziqhelekileyo zokukhuphela nokuncamathelisa (njengesibali esilula).	Ukwahlula iingxaki zokwenene zasekuhlaleni (njengokulondolozwa kwamanzi okanye ukunciphisa iziphumo zokucinywa kombane).
Imisebenzi yokukhowuda ngeebhloko eyenziwa kwiskrini kuphela ngaphandle kwemeko ebambekayo.	Ukusebenzisa okungenayo okubambekayo (iisensa) nokuphumayo (iimoto) ukubona ukuba ingqiqo isebenzisana njani nehlabathi lokwenene.

Apha kwa-Sheen Robotics, sayila ikharityhulam yethu ye-Sheen Academy ngokungqale kule ntanda-bulumko. Asibaqeqeshi abafundi ukuba babe ngabahlanganisi besintaksi. Endaweni yoko, sisebenzisa ikhompyutha ebambekayo nezixhobo ze-IoT ukufundisa ingqiqo esisiseko yeenkqubo. Xa umfundi eqonda indlela yokwakha isangqa sengxelo ebuyayo esebenzisa isensa yobumanzi bomhlaba nempompo yamanzi, ulwimi oluthile lwenkqubo alusebenzisayo ukuyibhala luba yinkcukacha yesibini—into anokuyikhangela ngokulula okanye ayivelise nge-AI.

Ukuba sifuna ulutsha lwaseMzantsi Afrika lube ngabayili betekhnoloji endaweni yokuba ngabathengi nje besoftware engeniswayo phesheya, kufuneka siyeke ukubafundisa ukuxelisa iimatshini. Iimatshini sele zikuphumelele ukuba ziimatshini. Umsebenzi wethu kukufundisa abafundi indlela yokucinga.