Kutheni Amanzi Ethu e-Hydroponics Egumbini Lokufundela Ejike Aluhlaza Ncam Yi-Algae?
I-algae iyaqhakaza xa ukukhanya kufika emanzini anezondlo ezininzi. Nasi isizathu sokuba i-PVC emhlophe neebhokisi ezidlulisa ukukhanya zisilele, nendlela yokukulungisa oku ngaphandle kweekhemikhali ezinetyhefu.
Ithanki lakho le-hydroponics lijike laluhlaza okwe-emerald ngenxa yesizathu esilula sebhayoloji: iimbewu ze-microalgae zifumene izondlo zeeminerali ezinyibilikileyo (i-nitrogen ne-phosphorus), amanzi afudumeleyo, kunye nokukhanya. Ukuba ezo meko zintathu zikho ngaxeshanye, i-algae iza kuhlala kule nkqubo kwiiyure ezingama-48 ukuya kwezingama-72. Kuphantse kuzo zonke iiseto zasegumbini lokufundela, unobangela ongumnombo asiyongxube embi yezondlo okanye amanzi angcolileyo empompo; kukukhanya okuvuza kwiplastiki yethanki edlulisa ukukhanya okanye kwimibhobho ye-PVC emhlophe eneendonga ezicekethekileyo.
Ifiziksi Yokuvuza Kokukhanya Kwizakhiwo Zesikolo
I-algae zizinto eziphilayo ezisebenzisa i-photosynthesis. Ngokungafaniyo neentsholongwane zeengcambu ezinjenge-Pythium (ukubola kweengcambu), i-algae ifuna ukukhanya ukuze yande. Kwinkqubo elungileyo ye-nutrient film technique (NFT) okanye ye-deep water culture (DWC), isisombululo sezondlo sihlala ebumnyameni obupheleleyo ukusuka kanye xa siphuma ethankini de sibuye.
Iiprojekthi zesikolo zidla ngokuwaphula lo mthetho ngezinto ezimbini eziqhelekileyo:
- Iibhokisi zokugcina ezidlulisa ukukhanya: Iibhini zeplastiki ezicacileyo okanye ezimfiliba ezithengwa kubathengisi bengingqi zingabonakala ziqinile, kodwa zisasaza ukukhanya kunzulu emanzini. Nkqu neebhokisi eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka okanye eziluhlaza ezingatyhilekiyo zivumela ukungena kwe-photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) eyaneleyo ukuxhasa ukwanda okukhawulezayo kwe-algae phantsi kwezibane ze-fluorescent zasegumbini lokufundela okanye phantsi kwezibane ze-LED ezinamandla zokukhulisa izityalo.
- Imibhobho eqhelekileyo yamanzi ye-PVC emhlophe: I-PVC emhlophe eqhelekileyo eneendonga ezicekethekileyo (njengemibhobho yenkunkuma yasekhaya ethengwa kwivenkile yezixhobo) idlulisa ukukhanya kancinci. Nangona ibonakala imhlophe qhwa emehlweni, ukubamba itotshi ngaphakathi kuyabonisa ukuba ukukhanya kusasazeka lula kudlule odongeni. Phantsi kwezibane zokukhulisa ezinamandla amakhulu okanye phantsi kwelanga elithe ngqo kufuphi nefestile yegumbi lokufundela laseMzantsi Afrika ejonge emantla, ngaphakathi kumjelo we-PVC emhlophe kuba yindlu yokukhulisa i-algae.
- Izikhewu zeepoti zomnatha ezingagqunywanga: Ukushiya imingxuma yeepoti ezingenanto ivulekile, okanye ukusebenzisa izinto zokukhulisa ezirhabaxa ezishiya izikhewu ejikeleze imiqolo yezithole, kuvumela imitha yokukhanya ethe ngqo ukuba ibethe umsinga wezondlo ongezantsi.
Kutheni I-Algae Yonakalisa Inkqubo (Nokuba Kutheni Iikhemikhali Zingesosisombululo)
I-algae ayihlaseli ngqo imiqolo yezityalo, kodwa ikhuphisana ngamandla ngayo kanye i-oksijini enyibilikileyo nezondlo ze-ionic ezifunwa zizityalo zakho. Emini, i-algae ivelisa i-oksijini; ebusuku, isebenzisa i-oksijini xa iphefumla, ilambise indawo yeengcambu. Xa umhlambi we-algae ekugqibeleni usifa, iintsholongwane ezibolisayo zisusa i-oksijini eseleyo enyibilikileyo emanzini, kuvele iimeko ezingenamoya, ivumba elibi, nokubola ngequbuliso kweengcambu.
Xa oku kusenzeka, into eqale ivele engqondweni kukufaka i-algicide yechibi lokuqubha, i-copper sulphate, okanye i-bleach eyomeleleyo yasekhaya ethankini. Kwindawo yemfundo, oku kuyimpazamo:
- Ii-algicide zorhwebo zamachibi okuqubha kunye neenkxube zobhedu ziyaqokelelana kwizicubu zezityalo yaye zinetyhefu xa zisityiwa, oko kutshabalalisa ngoko nangoko nayiphi na iprojekthi yasegumbini lokufundela ejolise ekukhuliseni ukutya okutyiwayo.
- I-bleach eqhelekileyo ye-chlorine yonakalisa iinwele zeengcambu kumaqondo aphezulu ngokwaneleyo ukubulala i-algae ekwinkqubo iphela, ithintele ukukhula okanye ibulale izityalo ezibuthathaka ezinjengeletisi ne-basil.
- Unyango lweekhemikhali alusombululi isiphoso sesakhiwo. Kwangoko nje ukuba i-chlorine iphele, iimbewu ezihamba emoyeni ziza kuphinda zihlale kumanzi akhanyiselweyo kwiintsuku ezimbalwa.
Isisombululo Sokwakha: Ukuvimba Ukukhanya Ngokupheleleyo
Ukulungisa amanzi aluhlaza ngokusisigxina kufuna ukuvalwa kokukhanya ngokoqobo, kungekhona imfazwe yeekhemikhali. Unokwenza isakhiwo esikhoyo singangeni kukhanya konke konke usebenzisa izinto eziqhelekileyo:
| Icandelo | Ubuthathaka | Isisombululo Sesigxina Sokwenyani |
|---|---|---|
| Ithanki Lokugcina | Iindonga zeplastiki nesiciko esidlulisa ukukhanya | Songa ngaphandle nge-silage film emnyama-nemhlophe (i-panda film) icala elimnyama lijonge ngaphakathi ukuze livimbe ukukhanya, elimhlophe lijonge ngaphandle ukuze libuyisele ubushushu obungqongileyo. Okanye, peyinta ngaphandle ngesaleyithi yepeyinti emnyama engabengezeliyo, ulandelise ngesaleyithi emhlophe ebengezelayo. |
| Imijelo ye-PVC | Ukungena kokukhanya kwiindonga ezicekethekileyo ze-PVC emhlophe | Songa imijelo nge-foil ebuyisela ukukhanya, okanye sebenzisa imijelo ye-hydroponics ezinzileyo kwi-UV, engangeni kukhanya, endaweni yombhobho wamanzi wasekhaya. |
| Imingxuma Yesiciko & Iipoti Zomnatha | Ukukhanya okuvuza ejikeleze i-rockwool okanye iikomityi zomnatha | Zalisa iipoti zomnatha ngokupheleleyo ngamatye odongwe olwandisiweyo angangeni kukhanya (i-hydroton), uze usebenzise iikhola ze-neoprene ezingangeni kukhanya ezijikeleze imiqolo yezityalo ukuvala izikhewu zokukhanya. Vala nayiphi na imingxuma engasetyenziswayo ngeziciko eziqinileyo ezingangeni kukhanya. |
| Imibhobho Yokubona & Imibhobho Yokuhambisa | Imibhobho ye-vinyl ecacileyo yokukala umgangatho wamanzi nemigca yokuhambisa | Tshintsha yonke imibhobho ye-vinyl ecacileyo ngemibhobho ye-polyethylene emnyama okanye eluhlaza engangeni kukhanya nekulungeleyo ukutya. Imibhobho ecacileyo iya kukhulisa i-algae ngaphakathi de ivale iimpompo needripha. |
Indlela Yokuhlamba Ngokukhuselekileyo Nokuqalisa Kwakhona Inkqubo Yegumbi Lokufundela Ehlaselweyo
Ukuba ithanki lakho sele liluhlaza kungabonakali nto, landela le nkqubo yokuqalisa kwakhona engenatyhefu ngexesha lesifundo esinye sokusebenza ngezandla:
- Khupha uze wahlule: Mpompela isisombululo sezondlo esiluhlaza ngqo emjelweni okanye usisebenzise ukunkcenkceshela imibhede yesitiya sesikolo esisemhlabeni (iintsholongwane zomhlaba ziza kuyidiliza i-algae ngokwendalo ngaphandle kokwenzakalisa izityalo zangaphandle).
- Hlikihla imiphezulu: Sula iindonga zethanki neepoti zomnatha usebenzisa ilaphu elicocekileyo namanzi afudumeleyo. Ungasebenzisi ubulwelwe bokuhlamba izitya okanye izicoci zasekhaya, ezishiya intsalela ye-surfactant ehlutha ulwalwesi lweengcambu zezityalo.
- Bulala iintsholongwane nge-Hydrogen Peroxide elungele ukutya: Zalisa inkqubo ngamanzi aqhelekileyo empompo uze wongeze i-hydrogen peroxide eqhelekileyo ye-3% ($H_2O_2$) ngesilinganiso se-5 ukuya kwi-10 ml kwilitha nganye yamanzi. Yenza impompo isebenze imizuzu engama-30 ukuya kwengama-45. I-hydrogen peroxide i-oxidise iiseli ze-algae eziseleyo xa ichukumisana nazo ize yaphuke ngaphandle kwengozi ibe ngamanzi acocekileyo ne-oksijini, ingashiyi nasinye isisalela sekhemikhali enetyhefu.
- Chitha uze uzalise kwakhona: Khupha amanzi okuhlamba, uhlole izivalo zakho zokukhanya, uze uxube iqela elitsha lezondlo ze-hydroponics ezilinganiselweyo. Jonga i-electrical conductivity (EC) ne-pH phambi kokuba ubuyisele inkqubo ukuya kwiingcambu zezityalo.
Ukuba uyila iiyunithi zokuvelisa ukutya ngokuzenzekelayo okanye iibhentshi zebhayoloji zemfundo, iinkqubo zethu zolimo olukrelekrele neze-hydroponics ezizinikeleyo zidibanisa imibhobho ekhuselekileyo ekutyeni, evala ukukhanya ngokupheleleyo, kunye nokubekwa esweni kwethanki ngokuzenzekelayo ukuthintela ungcoliseko lwebhayoloji ngaphambi kokuba luqale.
Ukuthintela Ukushisa Ngokugqithisileyo Kwamanzi Kumagumbi Afudumeleyo
Kwiimeko zehlobo laseMzantsi Afrika, ubushushu begumbi budla ngokugqitha kwi-30°C. Amaqondo obushushu bamanzi aphezulu akhawulezisa kokubini ukukhula kwe-algae nokuphela kwe-oksijini. Xa uvala ukukhanya ethankini lakho, kuphephe ukusonga ithanki ngeplastiki emnyama kuphela okanye ngeteyiphu emnyama ngaphandle komaleko ongaphandle obuyisela ukukhanya; imiphezulu emnyama ifunxa ubushushu obungqongileyo yaye iza kuyipheka msinyane indawo yeengcambu.
Soloko usebenzisa indlela yemaleko emibini: umda omnyama ongaphakathi ukuze kungangeni kukhanya konke konke, ugqunywe ngumaleko omhlophe okanye onjengensimbi ongaphandle ukuze ubushushu bubuyele umva bushiye ithanki. Xa ukukhanya sekususwe ngokupheleleyo kumjikelo wezondlo, amanzi akho aza kuhlala ecacile, amanqanaba e-oksijini aza kuzinza, kwaye iinkqubo zeengcambu ziza kuhlala zimhlophe qhwa ikota yonke.
